|}
==Inspiration==
-In 2019 literary scholars [[Richard Marggraf Turley]] and Jennifer Squire proposed that the ballad may have been inspired by the tomb effigy of [[Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel]] (d. 1376) in [[Chichester Cathedral]]. At the time of Keats' visit in 1819, the effigy stood mutilated and separated from that of Arundel's second wife, [[Eleanor of Lancaster]] (d. 1372), in the northern outer aisle. The figures were reunited and restored by Edward Richardson in 1843, and later inspired [[Philip Larkin]]'s 1956 poem "[[An Arundel Tomb]]".<ref>{{cite web |title=Old sketches, maps and gothic effigies unlock secrets of John Keats's famous poem 'La Belle Dame Sans Merci' |publisher=Aberystwyth University |date=16 May 2019 |url=https://www.aber.ac.uk/en/news/archive/2019/05/title-223178-en.html?bblinkid=160156052&bbemailid=13965598&bbejrid=1065862831 |access-date=25 December 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Richard |last=Marggraf Turley |author-link=Richard Marggraf Turley |title=How a stone knight inspired two very different visions of love from John Keats and Philip Larkin |publisher=The Conversation |date=16 July 2019 |url=https://theconversation.com/how-a-stone-knight-inspired-two-very-different-visions-of-love-from-john-keats-and-philip-larkin-120377 |access-date=25 December 2019 }}</ref>
+In 2019 literary scholars [[Richard Marggraf Turley]] and Jennifer Squire proposed that the ballad may have been inspired by the tomb effigy of [[Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel]] (d. 1376) in [[Chichester Cathedral]]. At the time of Keats' visit in 1819, the effigy stood mutilated and separated from that of Arundel's second wife, [[Eleanor of Lancaster]] (d. 1372), in the northern outer aisle. The figures were reunited and restored by Edward Richardson in 1843, and later inspired [[Philip Larkin]]'s 1956 poem "[[An Arundel Tomb]]".<ref name="pau_20190516_chinchestereffigies"/><ref name="marggraf_20190716_chinchester"/>
== In other media ==
"La Belle Dame sans Merci" was a popular subject for the [[Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood]]. It was depicted by [[Frank Dicksee]],<ref name="dicksee_1890_painting" /> [[Frank Cadogan Cowper]], [[John William Waterhouse]],<ref name="waterhouse_1893_painting" /> [[Arthur Hughes (artist)|Arthur Hughes]],<ref name="hughes_18xx_painting" /> [[Walter Crane]],<ref name="crane_1865_painting" /> and Henry Maynell Rheam.<ref name="rheam_1901_painting" /> It was also satirized in the 1 December 1920 edition of ''[[Punch (magazine)|Punch]]'' magazine.<ref name="punch_1920_drawing" />
=== Musical settings ===
-Around 1910, [[Charles Villiers Stanford]] produced a musical setting for the poem. It is a dramatic interpretation requiring a skilled (male) vocalist and equally skilled accompanist.<ref name="stanford_1910_score" /> In the 21st century it remains popular and is included on many anthologies of English song or British Art Music recorded by famous artists.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hyperion-records.co.uk/tw.asp?w=W6062|title=La belle dame sans merci - Hyperion Records - CDs, MP3 and Lossless downloads|website=www.hyperion-records.co.uk|access-date=2019-04-08}}</ref>
+Around 1910, [[Charles Villiers Stanford]] produced a musical setting for the poem. It is a dramatic interpretation requiring a skilled (male) vocalist and equally skilled accompanist.<ref name="stanford_1910_score" /> In the 21st century it remains popular and is included on many anthologies of English song or British Art Music recorded by famous artists.<ref name="hyperion_2022_commerciallistingspromo"/>
In 1935, [[Patrick Hadley]] wrote a version of the Stanford score for tenor, [[SATB|four-part chorus]], and orchestra.<ref name="hadley_1935_score" />
=== Film ===
The 1915 American film ''[[The Poet of the Peaks]]'' was based upon the poem.<ref name="reaves_1915_peaks" />
-[[Germaine Dulac]]'s 1920 ''La Belle Dame sans Merci'' explores the archetype of the ''femme fatale''.<ref>[https://festival.ilcinemaritrovato.it/en/proiezione/la-belle-dame-sans-merci/ ''La Belle Dame sans Merci'', Il Cinema Ritrovato]</ref>
+[[Germaine Dulac]]'s 1920 ''La Belle Dame sans Merci'' explores the archetype of the ''femme fatale''.<ref name="icr_20200829_filmdulac"/><ref name="dulac_1920_film"/>
[[Natassia Malthe]] stars as "The Lady" in Hidetoshi Oneda 2005 fantasy short of the same title.
| oclc =<!-- None found-->
}}</ref>
-<ref name="selick_2009_coraline">{{cite AV media
-| people = Henry Selick (Director)
-| date = 2009
-| title = Coraline
-| medium = motion picture
-| language = en
-| location = USA
-| publisher = Focus Features
-| oclc = 895036872
-}}</ref>
-
<ref name="mckennitt_2018_lost">{{cite AV media
| people = McKennitt, Loreena (Artist)
| date = 2018
| quote = But Mrs. Leidner was something out of the ordinary in that line. She'd got just that sort of calamitous magic that plays the deuce with things - a kind of Belle Dame sans Merci.
}}</ref>
+<ref name="pau_20190516_chinchestereffigies">{{cite web
+| title = Old sketches, maps and gothic effigies unlock secrets of John Keats's famous poem 'La Belle Dame Sans Merci'
+| publisher = Aberystwyth University
+| date = 16 May 2019
+| url = https://www.aber.ac.uk/en/news/archive/2019/05/title-223178-en.html?bblinkid=160156052&bbemailid=13965598&bbejrid=1065862831
+| access-date = 25 December 2019
+| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220718041655/https://www.aber.ac.uk/en/news/archive/2019/05/title-223178-en.html
+| archive-date = 18 July 2022
+| url-status = live
+}}</ref>
+
+<ref name="marggraf_20190716_chinchester">{{cite web
+| first = Richard
+| last = Marggraf Turley
+| author-link = Richard Marggraf Turley
+| title = How a stone knight inspired two very different visions of love from John Keats and Philip Larkin
+| publisher = The Conversation
+| date = 16 July 2019
+| url = https://theconversation.com/how-a-stone-knight-inspired-two-very-different-visions-of-love-from-john-keats-and-philip-larkin-120377
+| access-date = 25 December 2019
+| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220507202804/https://theconversation.com/how-a-stone-knight-inspired-two-very-different-visions-of-love-from-john-keats-and-philip-larkin-120377
+| archive-date = 7 May 2022
+| url-status = live
+}}</ref>
+
+<ref name="hyperion_2022_commerciallistingspromo">{{Cite web
+| url = https://www.hyperion-records.co.uk/tw.asp?w=W6062
+| title = La belle dame sans merci - Hyperion Records - CDs, MP3 and Lossless downloads
+| website = www.hyperion-records.co.uk
+| access-date = 8 April 2019
+| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220507202804/https://www.hyperion-records.co.uk/tw.asp?w=W6062
+| archive-date = 7 May 2022
+| url-status = live
+}}</ref>
+
+<ref name="icr_20200829_filmdulac">{{cite web
+| url = https://festival.ilcinemaritrovato.it/en/proiezione/la-belle-dame-sans-merci/
+| title = La Belle Dame sans Merci
+| website = Il Cinema Ritrovato]
+| access-date = 18 July 2022
+| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210506003403/https://festival.ilcinemaritrovato.it/en/proiezione/la-belle-dame-sans-merci/
+| archive-date = 6 May 2021
+| url-status = live
+}}</ref>
+
+<ref name="dulac_1920_film">{{cite AV media
+| title = La Belle Dame sans merci
+| people = Dulac, Germaine (director)
+| date = 1920
+| oclc = 691529310
+}}</ref>
+
}}
== External links ==
'''National Friendly''' is the trading name of National Deposit Friendly Society, a British [[friendly society]] providing financial products and services.
It was formed in 1868 as the Surrey Deposit Friendly Society. {{As of|2021|post=,}} National Friendly is based in [[Queen Square, Bristol]].<ref name="csb_promosignmaker"/><ref name="nf_homepage"/>
+
== History ==
-The Surrey Deposit Friendly Society was founded in 1868 by The Reverend Canon George Raymond Portal, who set up a scheme to support the health and welfare of families. The name was changed to National Deposit Friendly Society in 1871.
+{{Advert section|date=July 2022|2=Most content is from self-promotional material published by the National Friendly.}}
+
+The Society was founded in 1868 by the Rev. George Raymond Portal to provide sickness cover for the poor. Portal was born in 1827 and educated at Rugby School where he was friendly with [[Thomas Hughes]] (Tom Brown's Schooldays) and [[Charles L Dodgson]] (Lewis Carroll). After ordination, Portal worked in London where his exposure to the appalling level of poverty was the impetus for the establishment of the friendly society. In 1858 Portal was appointed Rector of Albury, near [[Guildford]]; ten years later he started the Surrey County Deposit Benefit Club.<ref name=Roper>Roper and Harrison, ''The First Hundred Years 1868-1968'',</ref>
-The [[National Insurance Act 1911|National Insurance Act]] was introduced in 1911 and passed in 1913<ref name="bma_1913_act1911passed"/>. This was the first time the State took contributions from the public towards medical care.<ref name="sc_insuranceact"/> Friendly societies and trade unions were given a major role in administering health insurance, which increased National Friendly’s membership.<ref name="cordery_2003_friendlysocieties"/><ref name="beveridge_2015_voluntaryaction"/>
+The deposit system was the idea of Rev. Samuel Best, Rector of [[Abbots Ann]] in [[Andover, Hampshire|Andover]]. In essence, the deposit principle was that part of the contribution was for the benefit of the individual, and part for the common pool. Portal's Society was unusual in that it admitted women and children, By the end of 1869 the Society had around 200 members and was beginning to spread into the surrounding villages and then [[Guildford]] where it had a small office with a general secretary. In 1871, Portal was appointed to the living of Burghclere in [[Hampshire]] at the instigation of his friend [[Henry Herbert, 4th Earl of Carnarvon|Lord Caernarvon]].<ref name=Roper/>
-During [[World War I]], National Friendly established its own convalescent home, which offered support to injured soldiers.<ref name="smh_2020_portalhouse"/>
+Whether or not it was co-incidental, Portal's move marked a radical change in the scale of the Society. He proposed a move into other counties and to facilitate that, a new organisational structure was established and the name changed to the ambitious National Deposit Friendly Society. The first moves were into [[Berkshire]] and [[Hampshire]]. George Portal died in 1889, with the National Deposit's membership approaching 7,000; in 1897 London became the new headquarters. Two years later there were 36,000 members and by 1930, the membership reached one million.<ref name=Roper/>
-During [[World War II]], National Friendly moved to [[Somerset]]{{Citation needed|date=July 2021}}. Provision of medical services was changed when the NHS was formed in 1948.<ref name="nfs_2018_promovideo150years"/>
+By providing state benefits, the 1911 National Insurance Act had the potential to threaten the voluntary principle of the voluntary system. However, the administrative systems of the friendly societies were necessary to implement the State scheme and the National Deposit was the first friendly society to become an approved administrator under the act; in the event, membership increased.<ref name=Roper/><ref name="bma_1913_act1911passed"/><ref name="sc_insuranceact"/><ref name="cordery_2003_friendlysocieties"/><ref name="beveridge_2015_voluntaryaction"/> At the end of [[World War I]], National Deposit established its own convalescent home, which offered support to injured soldiers.<ref name="smh_2020_portalhouse"/><ref name=national>{{Cite web|url=https://nationalfriendly.co.uk/about-us/|title = About us - National Friendly}}</ref> The establishment of the [[National Health Service]] posed similar threats and in 1949 the National Deposit lost 278,000 members. The Society responded by issuing a range of new policies during the 1950s and 1960s, such as variations in the length of sickness cover. In 1982 the Society moved to Bristol.<ref name=national/>
In 2011, National Friendly stopped writing new health insurance policies due to capital inadequacy issues. It resumed such activity in 2016.<ref name="fta_20160620_natfriendreturn"/>
|url-status = live
}}</ref>
-
<ref name="bma_1913_act1911passed">{{cite journal
|last1 = BMA
|author-link = British Medical Association
|isbn = 9781317572992
}}</ref>
-
<ref name="smh_2020_portalhouse">{{cite web
|url = http://catalogue.stmargaretshistory.org.uk/collections/show/78
|website = St. Margaret's Village Archive
|url-status = dead
}}</ref>
-<ref name="nfs_2018_promovideo150years">{{cite AV media
+<!-- <ref name="nfs_2018_promovideo150years">{{cite AV media
|url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Nc89BaPe3o
|title = National Friendly - 150 Years Together
|type = Motion picture
|date = 20 April 2018
- |website = [[Youtube]]
+ |website = [[YouTube]]
|time = 0m52s
-}}</ref>
+}}</ref> -->
<ref name="csb_promosignmaker">{{cite web
|url = http://www.capitolsignsbristol.co.uk/europes-largest-georgian-square-becomes-new-home-for-national-friendly/
- |title = Europe’s largest Georgian Square becomes new home for National Friendly
+ |title = Europe's largest Georgian Square becomes new home for National Friendly
|website = capitolsignsbristol.co.uk
+ |date = 2 August 2019
|access-date = 16 July 2021
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200928035944/https://capitolsignsbristol.co.uk/europes-largest-georgian-square-becomes-new-home-for-national-friendly/
|archive-date = 28 September 2020
}}
-
-
[[Category:Financial services companies established in 1868]]
[[Category:Friendly societies of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Organisations based in Bristol]]
projects / BK-2020-09.git / commitdiff