* Location Logging
-This document was created by Steven Baltakatei Sandoval on
-~2020-06-29T12:14Z~ under a [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/][Creative Commons BY-SA 4.0 license]]. It
-was updated by Steven Baltakatei Sandoval on ~2020-06-30T19:44Z~
#+TITLE: Ninfacyzga-01 Manual
#+AUTHOR: Steven Baltakatei Sandoval
#+EMAIL: baltakatei@gmail.com
+** About
+This document was created by Steven Baltakatei Sandoval on
+~2020-06-29T12:14Z~ under a [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/][Creative Commons BY-SA 4.0 license]]. It was
+updated by Steven Baltakatei Sandoval on ~2020-10-18T00:13Z~
+
** Narrative
Ninfacyzga-01 records (logs) its position in time and space using a
[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_navigation_device][GPS receiver]]. The NMEA location data produced by the receiver is
**** PiZ UpTime 2.0
See the [[https://alchemy-power.com/piz-uptime-2-0/][OEM]] webpage for this product.
*** Software
-~bkgpslog~ : The bash script that performs the location data
-collection and processing. Is an executable file contained within this
-repository at ~exec/bkgpslog~. It should be copied to
-~$HOME/.local/bin~.
+~bklog~ : A bash script that saves its stdin stream to a tar file. The
+file may be compressed by ~gzip~ and encrypted by ~age~. It is an
+executable file contained within this repository at ~exec/bklog~. It
+should be copied to ~$HOME/.local/bin~.
-~gpsd~ : A background daemon app capable of interfacing with the
-Ozzmaker BerryGPS-IMU's GPS submodule. Installed and initialized by
-~apt~.
+[[https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/gpsd][~gpsd~]] : A background daemon app capable of interfacing with the
+[[https://ozzmaker.com/berrygps-berrygps-imu-quick-start-guide/][Ozzmaker BerryGPS-IMU]]'s GPS submodule. Installed and initialized by
+~apt~. Should be installed along with the ~gpsd-clients~ package.
~gpspipe~ : A command line app that polls ~gpsd~ and produces a stream
stdout consisting of GPS data lines in NMEA format. Installed via
~apt~.
~gpsbabel~ : A command line app that converts GPS data from one format
-into another. ~bkgpslog~ uses it to convert NMEA data into GPX and
+into another. ~bklog~ may be used to convert NMEA data into GPX and
KML. Installed via ~apt~.
~gzip~ : A simple command line app that compresses stdin into a
should be copied to ~$HOME/.local/bin~.
**** Narrative
-~bkgpslog~ populates a 60-second buffer with NMEA data from ~gpsd~ via
-~gpspipe~. This buffer is used by ~gpsbabel~ to produce GPX and KML
-versions of the buffer. All 3 buffers are then comprssed with ~gzip~,
-encrypted with ~age~, and then written to disk.
+~bklog~ may be used to log location data by receiving stdout produced
+by ~gpspipe~. ~bklog~ contains options that allow file writes to be
+performed at adjustable time intervals (default: 300 seconds),
+compressed (with ~gzip~), and encrypted (with ~age~). Files are
+written in the form of appendages to a ~tar~ archive saved to a
+specified location. The NMEA data produced by ~gpspipe~ may be
+processed via a ~gpsbabel~ command string specified as an option to
+~bklog~, assuming ~gpsbabel~ is installed.
*** Output
+
+Several output file formats have been tested with ~bklog~.
+
**** File Formats
***** NMEA
-See the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NMEA_0183][Wikipedia page]] for this.
+~NMEA~ is an acronym for National marine Electronics Association. The
+NMEA format described in this document follows the NMEA 0183
+standard. It is a newline-delimited streaming text format that encodes
+global positioning system (GPS) data such as WGS84 location, time and
+date information, satellite count, accuracy, and other
+information. Each line is an "NMEA sentence". Descriptions of various
+NMEA sentences can be found on [[http://aprs.gids.nl/nmea/][this]] webpage.
+
+See the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NMEA_0183][Wikipedia page for NMEA 0183]] for this. This file format is the
+default output of the ~gpspipe -r~ command.
***** GPX
-See the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPS_Exchange_Format][Wikipedia page]] for this. [[http://wiki.gis.com/wiki/index.php/WGS84][WGS84]] is the datum used.
+See the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPS_Exchange_Format][Wikipedia page]] for this. [[http://wiki.gis.com/wiki/index.php/WGS84][WGS84]] is the datum used. An NMEA file
+may be converted to this format using ~gpsbabel~.
***** KML
-See the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyhole_Markup_Language][Wikipedia page]] for this. [[http://wiki.gis.com/wiki/index.php/WGS84][WGS84]] is the datum used.
-**** Encryption Method
-Files produced by the bkgpslog script are encrypted against a set of
-public keys using [[https://github.com/FiloSottile/age][~age~]], a simple command line encryption tool
-selected over ~gpg~ because of ~age~'s deliberate lack of
-configurability.
-
-The public keys are bech32 strings supplied as options to bkgpslog
-when called. The secret key should *NOT* be stored in Ninfacyzga-01.
-
-If a key pair was generated using ~age-keygen~, then it is an [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curve25519][~X25519~]]
-key pair. See the [[https://age-encryption.org/v1][~age~ Version 1 specification]].
-
-An ~ssh-rsa~ or ~ssh-ed25519~ SSH public key string may be used instead of
-the bech32 public key string produced by ~age-keygen~ for convenience.
+See the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyhole_Markup_Language][Wikipedia page]] for this. [[http://wiki.gis.com/wiki/index.php/WGS84][WGS84]] is the datum used. An NMEA file
+may be converted to this format using ~gpsbabel~.
-Help information for ~age~ is available by running ~$ age --help~.
-***** Encryption Commands
-Files may be encrypted to several recipients using a command similar to:
-#+BEGIN_EXAMPLE
-timeout "60s" gpspipe -r | gpsbabel -i nmea -f - -o gpx -F | age \
--r age1kza7pfshy7xwygf9349zgmk7x53mquvedgw9r98qwyyqhssh830qqjzlsw \
--r age1ce3pvzrqfcn2pc6zqzglc8ac8yjk3fzukpy08cesqjjwns53xywqmaq7xw \
--r age1pu5usxm743sx7rf22985xv2f4s0luzv6r6yx4fa7p8c2zyvp9fvqus2xr5 \
-> location.gpx.age
-#+END_EXAMPLE
-
-In this example, the strings beginning with ~age1...~ are
-bech32-formatted public key strings.
-
-
-***** Decryption Commands
-Files may be decrypted using a command similar to:
-
-#+BEGIN_EXAMPLE
-cat location.gpx.age | age -d -i key.txt > location.gpx
-#+END_EXAMPLE
+**** Encryption Method
+See [[file:../setup/README.org][Main Setup]] procedures.
-The version of ~age~ used to perform the encryption
** Operating Procedures
*** Initial Startup
See OEM (Ozzmaker) [[https://ozzmaker.com/berrygps-berrygps-imu-quick-start-guide/][quickstart guide for the BerryGPS-IMU]].
-
**** Physical Setup
BerryGPS-IMU must be electrically connected to the correct pins on the
**** Software Setup
***** Install Executables
+Follow the [[file:../setup/README.org][Main Setup]] procedures to obtain required files from this
+repository.
-Install Raspbian 10 Buster onto an SD card image. See the Raspberry Pi
-Foundation [[https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/installation/installing-images/README.md][installation instructions]]. Configure WiFi to permit log
-file transfer. Configure SSH to permit remote administration via the
-command line interface.
+Install ~gpsd~, ~gpsd-clients~, and ~gpsbabel~.
-Make sure to install the ~unattended-upgrades~ package to make sure
-the latest security patches for packages are installed. See [[https://linux-audit.com/using-unattended-upgrades-on-debian-and-ubuntu/][this page]]
-for a description of how ~unattended-upgrades~ works.
+: $ sudo apt install gpsd gpsd-clients gpsbabel
-Install ~gpsd~, ~gpspipe~, ~git~, and this repository for location
-logging capability.
+***** Setup Serial for BerryGPS
+The Ozzmaker BerryGPS-IMU unit requires that the serial console be
+disabled and the serial port enabled. (see [[https://ozzmaker.com/berrygps-setup-guide-raspberry-pi/][ref]]).
-Install ~syncthing~ for log file transfer capability.
+: $ sudo raspi-config
-Place ~age~ binary (the one compiled for ARM CPU architecture for
-Linux) in ~$HOME/.local/bin~.
+Navigate to ~5 Interfacing Options~, then ~P6 Serial~.
-***** Disable Swap File
-Since standard Raspbian 10 (Buster) install involves copying
-unencrypted file system image to SD card which is mounted by the
-Raspberry Pi, system memory may be written to disk in the form of a
-Swap file as described [[https://ideaheap.com/2013/07/stopping-sd-card-corruption-on-a-raspberry-pi/][here]]. In order to reduce the chance that
-location log data is ever written to disk, swap file functionality
-must be disabled[fn:ideaheap_20130731_disableswap].
+When prompted "Would you like a login shell to be accessible over
+serial?", answer ~No~.
-Raspbian 10 uses dphys-swapfile to manage a swap file. It may be
-disabled persistently[fn:rpf_20190702_disableswappersist] by running
-the following command:
+When prompted "Would you like the serial port hardware to be
+enabled?", answer ~Yes~.
-: sudo systemctl disable dphys-swapfile.service
+***** Setup ~gpsd~
+~gpsd~ needs to know which serial port to look at for NMEA location
+data generated by the GPS unit. This can be done by modifying the
+~gpsd~ configuration file at ~/etc/default/gpsd~.
-To view the status of the swap file in Raspbian 10, run ~free -m~:
+: sudo nano /etc/default/gpsd
-#+BEGIN_EXAMPLE
-pi@ninfacyzga-01:~$ free -m
- total used free shared buff/cache available
-Mem: 432 86 36 21 309 268
-Swap: 99 0 99
-#+END_EXAMPLE
-
-After disabling the swap file and rebooting:
+Make sure the following lines are present:
#+BEGIN_EXAMPLE
-pi@ninfacyzga-01:~$ free -m
- total used free shared buff/cache available
-Mem: 432 89 214 3 128 289
-Swap: 0 0 0
+START_DAEMON="true"
+USBAUTO="false"
+DEVICES="/dev/ttyAMA0"
+GPSD_OPTIONS="-n"
#+END_EXAMPLE
-[fn:ideaheap_20130731_disableswap] Explanation:
-https://ideaheap.com/2013/07/stopping-sd-card-corruption-on-a-raspberry-pi/
+NOTE: The ~DEVICES=~ line must be adjusted if the the ~ninfacyzga~
+device is configured to also track time. (See [[file:../time/README.org::*Setup%20~gpsd~][ref]]).
-[fn:rpf_20190702_disableswappersist] Persistant disabling of swap in
-Raspbian 10 Buster:
-https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=1490692&sid=5c596a124b7805d6b10dab8d3d7caf16#p1490692
+NOTE: The ~-n~ option causes ~gpsd~ to begin polling GPS devices
+without waiting for a client to connect. This is important if ~gpsd~
+provides data to other applications (ex: ~gpspipe~, ~chrony~).
-***** Automatic Start Configuration
+Enable ~gpsd~ to run automatically via:
-Edit the user cron job list with ~$ crontab -e~ to add the following
-lines:
+: $ sudo systemctl enable gpsd
-#+BEGIN_EXAMPLE
-0 * * * * /bin/bash ~/bkgpslog --output ~/dir
+Restart ~gpsd~ via:
-@reboot /bin/bash ~/bkgpslog --output ~/dir
-#+END_EXAMPLE
+: $ sudo systemctl restart gpsd
-The first line will run ~bkgpslog~ at the start of every hour and save
-output files to the ~dir~ directory in your home folder.
+Run ~gpsmon~ to verify that location data is being recorded.
-The second line will run ~bkgpslog~ when the system starts up.
+: $ gpsmon
-~/bin/bash~ tells ~cron~ to run ~bkgpslog~ with Bash.
-
-If encryption and compression are required, then the appropriate
-options must be added. The lines that must be added via ~$ crontab -e~
-may resemble:
+***** Automatic Start Configuration
+It is recommended to create a daily ~cron~ job that executes a bash
+script that starts ~bklog~ jobs to record location along with other
+types of data recording. An example of such a script is below:
#+BEGIN_EXAMPLE
-0 * * * * /bin/bash ~/bkgpslog -c -e -r age1z2...qkv6p -o ~/dir
-
-@reboot /bin/bash ~/bkgpslog -c -e -r age1z2...qkv6p -o ~/dir
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Log location
+gpspipe -r | /bin/bash "$HOME/.local/bin/bklog" -c -e -z "UTC" -t "/dev/shm" \
+ -r age1kza7pfshy7xwygf9349zgmk7x53mquvedgw9r98qwyyqhssh830qqjzlsw \
+ -r age1ce3pvzrqfcn2pc6zqzglc8ac8yjk3fzukpy08cesqjjwns53xywqmaq7xw \
+ -R "$HOME/.config/bklog/recipients" -w ".nmea" -b "300" -B "day" \
+ -o "$HOME/Sync/Evanescent_Location" -l "location" \
+ -p "gpsbabel -i nmea -f - -o gpx -F - " ".gpx" \
+ -p "gpsbabel -i nmea -f - -o kml -F - " ".kml" &
+# Log pressure
+python ~/.local/bin/bmp388.py | /bin/bash "$HOME/git-OC/ninfacyzga-01/exec/bklog" \
+ -c -e -z "UTC" -t "/dev/shm" \
+ -r age1kza7pfshy7xwygf9349zgmk7x53mquvedgw9r98qwyyqhssh830qqjzlsw \
+ -r age1ce3pvzrqfcn2pc6zqzglc8ac8yjk3fzukpy08cesqjjwns53xywqmaq7xw \
+ -R "$HOME/.config/bklog/recipients" -w ".txt" -b "300" -B "day" \
+ -o "$HOME/Sync/Evanescent_Location" -l "pressure" &
#+END_EXAMPLE
-The ~age1z2...qkv6p~ is an ~age~ public key string. Please see the
-[[*Key Generation][Key Generation]] section for an explanation.
+This script, if it were saved at
+~"$HOME/.local/bin/cron/dailylog.sh"~ would then be added as a
+line in the ~crontab~ file as shown below:
-The options are:
+#+BEGIN_EXAMPLE
+$ crontab -e
+0 0 * * * /bin/bash ~/.local/bin/cron/dailylog.sh
+@reboot /bin/bash ~/.local/bin/cron/dailylog.sh
+#+END_EXAMPLE
-: -c : tells bkgpslog to compress output
-: -e : tells bkgpslog log to encrypt output
-: -r : tells bkgpslog to interpret the next argument as a pubkey string
-: -o : tells bkgpslog to write output files to the directory represented
+In the example script, the options are:
+
+: -c : tells bklog to compress output
+: -e : tells bklog log to encrypt output
+: -r : tells bklog to interpret the next argument as a pubkey string
+: -R : tells bklog to interpret the next argument as a directory
+: where public keys may be found (first line of each file is
+: read).
+: -o : tells bklog to write output files to the directory represented
+: -t : tells bklog to interpret the next argument as a directory
+: for storing temporary files
: by the next argument
+: -p : tells bklog a command string through which output is piped
+: before being compressed and encrypted. Also expected is a
+: file extension to be appended before the compression and
+: encryption file extensions.
+: -w : tells bklog to save the unprocessed stdin with a specified
+: file extension (instead of the default '.stdin').
+: -b : tells bklog how long each buffer round (time between file
+: writes) lasts in seconds.
+: -B : specifies the time-to-live for the bklog script. A valid value may
+: one of the time elements such as "day" or "hour".
+: -l : specfies a custom string to be used in output file names to
+: help differentiate tar files produced via bklog from different
+: sources of data.
+: -z : specifies a time zone to be used to determine the script time-to-live.
+: By default, bklog uses whatever time is specified by the TZ
+: environment variable.
***** Log Transfer Configuration
+See [[file:../setup/README.org][Main Setup]] procedures.
+
Log files may be shared to other machines via ~syncthing~. See [[https://docs.syncthing.net/][this]]
manual for how to set up a shared folder and add Ninfacyzga-01 as a
device. Syncthing's directory synchronization capability allows a
of this document.
***** Key Generation
-An ~age~ encryption key may be generated like so:
-#+BEGIN_EXAMPLE
-$ umask # Gets current umask
-0022 # Note: This is the default umask for Raspbian 10
-$ umask 066 # So key.txt will have no perms except for owner (you)
-$ umask # Confirm umask set to 066
-0066
-$ age-keygen > key.txt
-Public key: age1pu5usxm743sx7rf22985xv2f4s0luzv6r6yx4fa7p8c2zyvp9fvqus2xr5
-$ ls -al key.txt
--rw------- 1 baltakatei baltakatei 184 Jun 29 18:28 key.txt
-$ umask 0022 # Return umask to default value
-$ umask
-0022
-#+END_EXAMPLE
-
-The resulting public/private keypair data looks like:
-#+BEGIN_EXAMPLE
-$ cat key.txt
-# created: 2020-06-29T18:01:56Z
-# public key: age1pu5usxm743sx7rf22985xv2f4s0luzv6r6yx4fa7p8c2zyvp9fvqus2xr5
-AGE-SECRET-KEY-1NEUU5U2XGZGL9UYWNPU5DL99TGJJHFSN4F2E2WCCSDJJ6L5ZMLESNTVTU0
-#+END_EXAMPLE
-
-The file ~key.txt~ is not password-protected by default and should be
-secured like an SSH public key should. The ~$ umask 066~ command run
-before the ~$ age-keygen > key.txt~ command ensures ~key.txt~ will not
-be readable, writeable, or executable to anyone except the owner
-(you).
+See [[file:../setup/README.org][Main Setup]] procedures.
*** Normal Startup
Turn on Ninfacyzga-01 by supplying 5VDC power to the Raspberry Pi. No
loss. Log files being written every 60 seconds means, at most, 60
seconds worth of location data may be lost.
*** End of Life Disposal
-LiPo batteries used by the PiZ Uptime 2.0 module should be disposed of
-properly with their potential ignitability in mind, especially if they
-are not fully discharged.
-
-Consult your local municipality for its "E-Waste Disposal" (or
-equivalent) policy. Metals used in the Raspberry Pi and related
-components may be recycled.
-
-Take extra precuation if lead solder was used in assembling the
-electronics. Consumer electronics in early 21st century should use
-lead-free solder.
-
+See [[file:../setup/README.org][Main Setup]] procedures.
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