-{{short description|Arson attack in Kyoto, Japan}}
-{{good article}}
-{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}
+{{Short description|2019 mass murder in Kyoto, Japan}}
+{{Good article}}
+{{Expand Japanese|topic=culture|date=November 2023}}
+{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox civilian attack
-| title = Kyoto Animation arson attack
-| native_name = 京都アニメーション放火殺人事件
+| title = Kyoto Animation arson attack
+| native_name = 京都アニメーション放火殺人事件
| native_name_lang = ja
-| partof =
-| image = Kyoto animation arson attack 1 20190721.jpg
-| image_size = 260px
-| image_upright =
-| alt =
-| caption = Kyoto Animation's Studio 1 after the arson attack
-| map = {{Infobox mapframe|frame-width=|zoom=4}}{{Infobox mapframe|frame-width=|zoom=9}}
-| map_size =
-| map_alt = 41
-| map_caption =
-| location = 15-1 Inaba, Momoyama-chō, [[Fushimi-ku, Kyoto|Fushimi]], [[Kyoto]], [[Kyoto Prefecture]], Japan
-| target = [[Kyoto Animation]] Studio 1
-| coordinates = {{coord|34|55|59.0|N|135|47|34.6|E|type:event_region:JP-27|display=inline,title}}
-| date = {{start date|2019|07|18|df=y}}
-| time = 10:31 a.m. [[Japan Standard Time|JST]] ([[UTC+09:00]])
-| timezone =
-| type = [[Arson]], [[mass murder]]
-| fatalities = 36
-| injuries = 34 (including the suspect)
-| perpetrators = <!--Per WP:CRIME please do not include this info until the suspect is found guilty-->
-| assailants = <!-- or | assailant = -->
-| weapon = [[Gasoline]] (40 {{tooltip|L|Liters}}), [[lighter]]
-| numparts = <!-- or | numpart = -->
-| dfens = <!-- or | dfen = -->
-| motive = Revenge supposedly tied to [[plagiarism]]; [[mental disorder|mental illness]]
-| inquiry =
-| coroner =
-| accused = Shinji Aoba
-| convicted =
-| verdict =
-| convictions =
-| charges =
-| litigation =
-| website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
-| module =
+| image = Kyoto animation arson attack 1 20190721.jpg
+| image_size = 260px
+| image_upright =
+| alt =
+| caption = Kyoto Animation's Studio 1 after the arson attack
+| map = {{Switcher|{{Infobox mapframe|frame-width=300|zoom=4}}|zoom 4|{{Infobox mapframe|frame-width=300|zoom=9}}|zoom 9|{{Infobox mapframe|frame-width=300|zoom=10}}|zoom 10|{{Infobox mapframe|frame-width=300|zoom=14}}|zoom 14}}
+| map_size =
+| map_alt = 41
+| map_caption =
+| location = 15-1 Inaba, Momoyama-chō, [[Fushimi-ku, Kyoto|Fushimi]], [[Kyoto]], [[Kyoto Prefecture]], Japan
+| target = [[Kyoto Animation]] Studio 1
+| coordinates = {{Coord|34|55|59.0|N|135|47|34.6|E|type:event_region:JP-27|display=inline,title}}
+| date = {{Start date|2019|07|18|df=y}}
+| time = 10:31 a.m. [[Japan Standard Time|JST]]
+| timezone = [[UTC+09:00]]
+| type = [[Arson]], [[mass murder]]
+| weapons = [[Gasoline]] ({{Convert|40|L||abbr=}}), [[lighter]], [[Knife|knives]] <small>(multiple, unused)</small>
+| fatalities = 36
+| injuries = 34 (including the perpetrator)
+| perpetrator = Shinji Aoba (青葉真司)<ref name="lat_20230905_guilty-plea" />
}}
-The {{Nihongo|'''Kyoto Animation arson attack'''|京都アニメーション放火殺人事件|Kyōto Animēshon hōka satsujin jiken|"Kyoto Animation arson murder case"|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} occurred at [[Kyoto Animation]]'s Studio 1 building in the [[Fushimi-ku, Kyoto|Fushimi]] ward of [[Kyoto]], [[Kyoto Prefecture]], Japan, on the morning of 18 July 2019. The [[arson]] killed thirty-six (36) people, injured an additional thirty-four (34) (including the suspect), and destroyed most of the materials and computers in Studio 1. It is one of the [[List of massacres in Japan|deadliest massacres in Japan]] since the end of [[World War II]], the deadliest building fire in Japan since the 2001 [[Myojo 56 building fire]], and the first [[massacre]] ever to have occurred at a studio associated with an entertainment company, and the [[animation industry]].
-The suspect, who did not work for the studio, entered the front door carrying about {{Convert|40|L||abbr=}} of [[gasoline]] and doused the area and several employees before igniting it. After setting himself on fire while lighting the fuel, the suspect attempted to flee, but was apprehended by police about {{convert|100|m|ft}} from the building. Witnesses stated they heard him accusing the studio of [[plagiarism]]. After awaiting his recovery from life-threatening burns for more than ten months, the police arrested 42-year-old Shinji Aoba on suspicion of murder and other offenses on 27 May 2020,<ref name="nikkei_20200527_suspectarrest"/> and he was formally indicted on 16 December 2020.
+The {{Nihongo|'''Kyoto Animation arson attack'''|京都アニメーション放火殺人事件|Kyōto Animēshon hōka satsujin jiken|{{literal|Kyoto Animation arson murder incident}}|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} occurred at [[Kyoto Animation]]'s Studio 1 building in the [[Fushimi-ku, Kyoto|Fushimi]] ward of [[Kyoto]], [[Kyoto Prefecture]], Japan, on the morning of 18 July 2019. The [[arson]] killed 36 people, injured an additional 34 (including the suspect), and destroyed most of the materials and computers in Studio 1. It is one of the [[List of massacres in Japan|deadliest massacres in Japan]] since the end of [[World War II]], the deadliest building fire in Japan since the 2001 [[Myojo 56 building fire]], and the first [[massacre]] ever to have occurred at a studio associated with an entertainment company, and the [[animation industry]].
-In addition to condolences and messages of support from national and international leaders, fans and businesses raised over {{JPYConvert|3300000000|year=2019|to=USD|showdate=no}} in Japan and over US$2.3 million internationally to help the studio and its employees recover. As a result of the incident, some works and collaborations by the studio were delayed, and several events were suspended or cancelled.
+The suspect, who did not work for the studio, entered the front door carrying about {{Convert|40|L||abbr=}} of [[gasoline]], then doused the area and several employees before igniting it. After setting himself on fire while lighting the fuel, the suspect attempted to flee, but was apprehended by police about {{convert|100|m|ft}} from the building. Witnesses stated they heard him accusing the studio of [[plagiarism]]. After awaiting his recovery from life-threatening burns for more than ten months, the police arrested 42-year-old Shinji Aoba on suspicion of murder and other offenses on 27 May 2020.<ref name="nikkei_20200527_suspectarrest"/> He was formally indicted on 16 December 2020. Aoba eventually pled guilty to the charges on 5 September 2023, and was sentenced to death on 25 January 2024.<ref name="jt_20240125_death-penalty" />
+
+In addition to condolences and messages of support from national and international leaders, fans and businesses raised over {{JPYConvert|3300000000|year=2019|to=USD|showdate=no}} in Japan and over US$2.3 million internationally to help the studio and its employees recover. A special measure was passed by the [[National Diet]] to allow for donations to the studio to be tax-exempt.<ref name="hr_20191220_interview" /> As a result of the incident, some works and collaborations by the studio were delayed, and several events were suspended or cancelled.
==Background==
[[File:Kyoto Animation Studio 1a.jpg|thumb|260px|Studio 1 prior to the arson attack, May 2015]]
[[Kyoto Animation]] is one of Japan's most acclaimed [[anime]] studios, known for titles such as ''[[Haruhi Suzumiya#Anime|The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya]]'', ''[[K-On!]]'' and ''[[Clannad (video game)#Anime series|Clannad]]''.<ref name="nyt_20190717_arson"/> It has several different locations in [[Kyoto]]: Studio 1 (in [[Fushimi-ku, Kyoto|Fushimi]] ward); Studio 2 (the head office), and Studio 5. Their merchandise development division is in [[Uji, Kyoto|Uji]], one train station away from Studio 1. The building was used mainly by the animation production staff, and was constructed in 2007.<ref name="sakuga_20170310_tour"/><ref name="sakuga_20180825_kyoanihistory"/><ref name="ntv_20190719_building" />
-In the year leading up to the attack, Kyoto Animation had received over 200 [[death threat]]s.<ref name="hr_20190724_arson" /> Company president Hideaki Hatta said they did not know if the threats were related to the incident, as they were sent anonymously,<ref name="nhk_20190719_deaththreats"/> but he had informed police and lawyers of them. After the [[National Police Agency (Japan)|National Police Agency]] were informed of these threats in October 2018, they temporarily patrolled the head office at the time.<ref name="hr_20190724_arson" />
+In the year leading up to the attack, Kyoto Animation had received over 200 [[death threat]]s.<ref name="hr_20190724_arson" /> Company president Hideaki Hatta said they did not know if the threats were related to the incident, as they were sent anonymously,<ref name="nhk_20190719_deaththreats"/> but he had informed police and lawyers of them. After the [[National Police Agency (Japan)|National Police Agency]] was informed of these threats in October 2018, officers temporarily patrolled the head office at the time.<ref name="hr_20190724_arson" />
==Incident==
-The fire began with an explosion<ref name="jiji_20190718_explosion"/> at around 10:31 a.m.<ref name="fdma_20190718_officalreport"/><ref name="bbc_20190718_arson"/> (01:31 [[UTC]]) when the perpetrator walked into Studio 1 and set the building on fire with {{Convert|40|L||abbr=}} of [[gasoline]].<ref name="nyt_20190717_arson" /><ref name="independent_20190718_arson"/> The perpetrator bought the gasoline {{Convert|10|km|mi|abbr=on}} away from the building, and it was believed that he walked to the building with the gasoline being carried on a platform trolley.<ref name="jt_20190730_daysbefore"/> The police believed that the gasoline dispersed on site mixed with the air, causing the explosion at the start.<ref name="ks_20190719_arson" /> The perpetrator is reported to have been shouting {{Nihongo|"Die!"|[[wikt:死ね|死ね]]|Shine!|lead=yes}} as he carried out the attack. He also poured gasoline over some individuals before setting them alight—setting himself on fire in the process—causing them to run out into the street in flames.<ref name="nyt_20190717_arson" /><ref name="kyotoshimbun_20190718_fire"/><ref name="deadline_201907_suspectmotives"/>
+The fire began with an explosion<ref name="jiji_20190718_explosion"/> at around 10:31 a.m.<ref name="fdma_20190718_officalreport"/><ref name="bbc_20190718_arson"/> (01:31 [[UTC]]) when the perpetrator walked into Studio 1 and set the building on fire with {{Convert|40|L||abbr=}} of [[gasoline]].<ref name="nyt_20190717_arson" /><ref name="independent_20190718_arson"/> The perpetrator bought the gasoline {{Convert|10|km|mi|abbr=on}} away from the building, and it was believed that he walked to the building with the gasoline being carried on a platform trolley.<ref name="jt_20190730_daysbefore"/> The police believed that the gasoline dispersed on site mixed with the air, causing the explosion at the start.<ref name="ks_20190719_arson" /> The perpetrator is reported to have been shouting "Die!" ({{lang|ja|[[wikt:死ね|死ね]]!}}) as he carried out the attack. He also poured gasoline over some individuals before setting them alight—setting himself on fire in the process—causing them to run out into the street in flames.<ref name="nyt_20190717_arson" /><ref name="kyotoshimbun_20190718_fire"/><ref name="deadline_201907_suspectmotives"/>
As the fire grew by the entrance, staff members were trapped inside the building. Twenty bodies were found on the stairs from the third floor to the roof, evidently indicating that the victims were attempting to escape.<ref name="asahi_20200119_report"/> Tomoaki Nishino, associate professor at Disaster Prevention Research Institute of [[Kyoto University]], estimated that the second and third floors were almost filled with smoke within 30 seconds of the explosion.<ref name="dpri_20190802_analysis"/> The perpetrator fled the scene but was chased by two Kyoto Animation employees and soon collapsed on the street, where he was apprehended by police.<ref name="sankei_20190718_shine" /><ref name="hr_20191220_interview"/> Multiple unused knives were found lying by the scene.<ref name="nhk_20190718_knives" />
==Victims==
Seventy people were inside Studio 1 at the time of the fire.<ref name="asahi_20200119_report"/> Initially it was reported that 34 people had been killed before two more later died at a hospital.{{efn|name=Victims|Many sources reported on the number of victims.<ref name="ks_20190719_arson"/><ref name="nhk_20190719_deathcount"/><ref name="asahi_20190719_count" /><ref name="nhk_20190718_death"/><ref name="asahi_20190719_deathtoll" /><ref name="sky_20190718_arson"/><ref name="livedoor_20190727_deathcount"/><ref name="jt_20191005_deathtoll36"/>}} Some victims were difficult to identify, according to the Kyoto police, because they had been burned beyond recognition.<ref name="nytimes_20190720_bodyidentify"/> [[Autopsy]] results released on 22 July 2019 revealed that a majority of victims had succumbed to burns (rather than [[carbon monoxide poisoning]]) due to the quick-spreading fire.<ref name="cna_20190722_death"/><ref name="jt_20190722_autopsies"/> DNA testing was done to aid in identifications, which lasted up to a week after the attack.<ref name="nhk_20190720_dna"/> It was reported that two-thirds of the victims (at least 20) were women, as the studio was known for hiring female animators.<ref name="nyt_20190719_women"/> The president of Kyoto Animation asked the media through the police not to release the names of the victims out of respect for their families, stating that "releasing their names does nothing to serve the public good."<ref name="reuters_20190721_reasons"/> On 25 July, Kyoto police said they had identified all 34 victims and had started to return the bodies of the victims to their relatives.
-Meanwhile, discussions were ongoing with Kyoto Animation on if, when, and how to reveal the identities of the deceased.<ref name="nippon_20190725_victimid"/> Some of the families released their own findings early to the media regarding the status of their loved ones. The family of color designer [[Naomi Ishida]] confirmed her death on 24 July.<ref name="mainichi_20190724_status"/> Animator, scriptwriter, and director [[Yasuhiro Takemoto]] was confirmed dead by his family through DNA testing on 26 July.<ref name="nikkei_20190726_status"/><ref name="kobe_20190724_status"/> The first post-fire death occurred on 27 July which brought the number of deceased to 35.<ref name="livedoor_20190727_deathcount"/> On 2 August, Kyoto police released the names of ten victims (including the people already mentioned) whose funerals had finished and relatives' consents obtained, and it was confirmed on the same day that animation directors [[Yoshiji Kigami]] and [[Futoshi Nishiya]] were among the dead.<ref name="kyotoshimbun_20190802_casualtylist"/><ref name="variety_20190803_yasuhiro"/> The remaining 25 victims were officially revealed on 27 August as the social impact of the case became a factor.<ref name="jt_20190828_victims"/><ref name="nhk_20190827_victims" /> On 4 October 2019, it was announced that one woman died from [[septic shock]], bringing the death toll to 36.{{efn|name=Injured}} <!--UNREFERENCED OR POORLY REFERENCED ADDED MATERIAL WILL BE REMOVED ASAP--><!-- Do not list the victims names here unless they are already notable as per [[WP:NOTMEMORIAL]]. For extended POV on this policy, see [[Wikipedia:Victim_lists]]. -->
+Meanwhile, discussions were ongoing with Kyoto Animation on if, when, and how to reveal the identities of the deceased.<ref name="nippon_20190725_victimid"/> Some of the families released their own findings early to the media regarding the status of their loved ones. The family of color designer [[Naomi Ishida]] confirmed her death on 24 July.<ref name="mainichi_20190724_status"/> Animator, scriptwriter, and director [[Yasuhiro Takemoto]] was confirmed dead by his family through DNA testing on 26 July.<ref name="nikkei_20190726_status"/><ref name="kobe_20190724_status"/> The first post-fire death occurred on 27 July which brought the number of deceased to 35.<ref name="livedoor_20190727_deathcount"/> On 2 August, Kyoto police released the names of ten victims (including the people already mentioned) whose funerals had finished and relatives' consents obtained, and it was confirmed on the same day that animation directors [[Yoshiji Kigami]] and [[Futoshi Nishiya]] were among the dead.<ref name="kyotoshimbun_20190802_casualtylist"/><ref name="variety_20190803_yasuhiro"/> The remaining 25 victims were officially revealed on 27 August as the social impact of the case became a factor.<ref name="jt_20190828_victims"/><ref name="nhk_20190827_victims" /> On 4 October 2019, it was announced that one woman died from [[septic shock]], bringing the death toll to 36.{{efn|name=Injured}} <!--UNREFERENCED OR POORLY REFERENCED MATERIAL WILL BE REMOVED ASAP--><!-- Do not list the victims names here unless they are already notable as per [[WP:NOTMEMORIAL]]. For extended POV on this policy, see [[Wikipedia:Victim_lists]]. -->
It was initially reported that 36 people were injured, but this figure dropped to 34 after two people later died at the hospital.{{efn|name=Injured|Reports on the number and identity of the injured and dead from many sources.<ref name="fdma_20190718_officalreport"/><ref name="nhk_20190718T2124+09_deathcount"/><ref name="tr_20190718_arson"/><ref name="nhk_20190719_deathcount"/><ref name="livedoor_20190727_deathcount"/><ref name="nyt_20190719_women"/><ref name="kyunghyang_20190719"/><ref name="nhk_20190720_woman"/><ref name="jt_20191005_deathtoll36"/><ref name="ann_20190918_injured"/><ref name="kyodo_20190918_injured"/>}} By 18 September it was reported that all thirty-four (34) people injured in the attack were no longer in life-threatening condition. Some still remained in the [[intensive care unit]] (ICU) with severe burns.{{efn|name=Injured}} According to the South Korean [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (South Korea)|Ministry of Foreign Affairs]], one of the injured victims was a South Korean woman.{{efn|name=Injured}} Those who were reported safe include animation director [[Naoko Yamada]], who directed ''K-On!'', ''[[A Silent Voice (film)|A Silent Voice]]'' and ''[[Liz and the Blue Bird]]''.{{efn|name=Injured}}
-== Accused ==
-{{Nihongo|'''Shinji Aoba'''|青葉 真司|Aoba Shinji}}, a 41-year-old man, was identified as the suspect by police and a warrant was quickly issued for his arrest.<ref name="ap_20190720_name"/><ref name="nhk_20190720_aoba1"/>
+== Perpetrator ==
+{{Infobox criminal
+| name = Shinji Aoba
+| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1978|5|16|df=yes}}
+| birth_place = [[Urawa, Saitama|Urawa]], [[Saitama Prefecture|Saitama]], Japan
+| occupation = Unemployed<ref name="soranews_20210108_copyclaim"/>
+| conviction_penalty = [[Capital punishment in Japan|Death]]
+| conviction_status = [[Incarcerated]]
+| motive = [[Revenge]] tied to imagined [[plagiarism]]; [[mental disorder|mental illness]]
+| conviction = [[Murder]] (36 counts), [[attempted murder]] (33 counts), [[arson]], [[trespassing]], breach of the arms-control law<ref name="soranews_20210108_copyclaim"/>
+| imprisoned =
+}}
+
+{{Nihongo|'''Shinji Aoba'''|青葉 真司|Aoba Shinji}} was identified as the suspect by police.<ref name="ap_20190720_name"/><ref name="nhk_20190720_aoba1"/> He was born on May 16, 1978, in [[Urawa, Saitama]], Japan.<ref name="kyotoshimbun_20230906_second-trial" /> He was 41 years old at the time of the attack.
-According to locals, a man resembling Aoba was spotted near Studio 1 days before the incident.<ref name="bbc_20190720_daysbefore"/><ref name="kyodo_20190726_photo"/><ref name="guardian_20190729_daysbefore"/> He was also reported to have visited several places of interest related to ''[[Sound! Euphonium]]'' around the city in days prior to the attack.<ref name="guardian_20190729_daysbefore"/><ref name="jt_20190730_daysbefore" /> Immediately following the attack, Aoba fled the scene after being chased by employees of the studio but was apprehended by the Kyoto Prefectural Police near [[Rokujizō Station]] of [[Keihan Electric Railway]], about {{convert|100|m|ft}} from the studio;<ref name="asahi_20190720_arrest"/> Aoba was then taken to a hospital with severe burns to the legs, chest, and face.<ref name="mainichi_20190718_arson"/><ref name="nhk_20190718_arsonrescue"/>
+According to locals, a man resembling Aoba was spotted near Studio 1 in the days before the incident.<ref name="bbc_20190720_daysbefore"/><ref name="kyodo_20190726_photo"/><ref name="guardian_20190729_daysbefore"/> He was also reported to have visited several places of interest related to ''[[Sound! Euphonium]]'' around the city in days prior to the attack.<ref name="guardian_20190729_daysbefore"/><ref name="jt_20190730_daysbefore" /> Immediately following the attack, Aoba fled the scene after being chased by employees of the studio but was apprehended by the Kyoto Prefectural Police near [[Rokujizō Station]] of [[Keihan Electric Railway]], about {{convert|100|m|ft}} from the studio;<ref name="asahi_20190720_arrest"/> Aoba was then taken to a hospital with severe burns to the legs, chest, and face.<ref name="mainichi_20190718_arson"/><ref name="nhk_20190718_arsonrescue"/>
During his transport to the hospital, Aoba admitted to having started the fire,<ref name="ann_20190717_fire"/> possibly for revenge,<ref name="variety_20190719_motive"/> accusing the studio of {{Nihongo|"ripping off" or "[[Plagiarism|plagiarising]]"|[[wikt:パクる|パクリ]][[wikt:やがる|やがって]]|pakuri yagatte}} his novels.{{efn|name=Plagiarism|Plagiarism reports from many sources.<ref name="sankei_20190718_shine" /><ref name="cnbc_20190719_arson"/><ref name="chunichi_20190718_arson"/><ref name="asahi_20190718_pakuri" /><ref name="express_20190718_fundraiser" /><ref name="mainichi_20190719_motive" />}} In spite of this, Hatta had initially stated that there is no record of anyone submitting work to their annual writing contest under Aoba's name.<ref name="ann_20190720_presresponse"/> Subsequently, Kyoto Animation revealed that they had received a draft novel from Aoba; however, it did not pass the first-stage assessment and was forgotten, and its contents were confirmed to have no similarities to any of their published works.<ref name="jt_20190731_suspectnovel"/><ref name="hr_20190730_suspectnovel"/> It was later revealed that Aoba believed that a scene about buying discounted meat in the fifth episode of ''[[Tsurune]]'' was similar to one in the novel he submitted.<ref name="kyodo_20200718_anniversary"/><ref name="soranews_20210108_copyclaim"/>
-Due to serious burns sustained during the incident, Aoba was transferred to a university hospital in [[Osaka]] for further treatment, where he received necessary [[skin graft]] surgery.<ref name="nhk_20190720_aoba1" /><ref name="nhk_20190720_aoba2" /> On 5 September 2019, it was reported that his injuries were no longer considered life-threatening,<ref name="fnnprime_20190905_suspectrecovery"/> but he was still being treated in an ICU and required [[respiratory assistance]] from a [[ventilator]].<ref name="ks_20190917"/> Aoba regained speech on 18 September and began rehabilitation by 8 October, being able to sit up on a wheelchair and hold short conversations. The police obtained a warrant for his arrest, but were required to await confirmation from doctors that Aoba could withstand confinement.<ref name="kyodo_20190918_speech"/><ref name="kyodo_20191008_rehab"/>
+{| class="wikitable"
+|+ Scenes from Kyoto Animation works that Aoba claims were "plagiarized"<ref name="yomiuri_20230907_plagiarism-claim" />
+! !! ''[[Free!]]'' !! ''[[Tsurune]]'' !! ''[[K-On!]]''
+|-
+! KyoAni works
+| A school banner reading "Swimming club advances to regional tournament" is blown in the wind, and a banner for the judo club can be seen below.
+| When a character puts meat in their shopping cart, another character finds meat at a 20% discount.
+| A character says to a junior "I repeated a grade."
+|-
+! Aoba's novel
+| There are scenes where banners appear.
+| There is a scene where the heroine buys deli dishes at a 50% discount.
+| There is a scene in which a high school boy is told by his homeroom teacher, "If you continue like this, you'll repeat the grade."
+|}
-On 14 November 2019, he was moved to another hospital in Kyoto for final rehabilitation.<ref name="jiji_20191114_suspecthospitaltransfer"/> He recovered from most of his injuries and acknowledged responsibility for the attack. He expressed feelings of remorse and gratitude towards the hospital staff, who he said treated him better than anyone had ever done in his life.<ref name="ks_20191115_hospitalkindness"/> On the other hand, he told police that he lit the fire because Kyoto Animation had stolen his novel, and that he expected to get the [[Capital punishment in Japan|death penalty]].<ref name="jt_20191111_questioning"/> Most of Aoba's burned skin was replaced with experimental artificial skin as the victims were prioritized to receive donor human skin first.<ref name="sky_20191127_arsonskingraft"/><ref name="telegraph_20191127_experimentalskin"/> The use of artificial skin on such extensive burns is the first case in Japan.<ref name="sky_20191127_arsonskingraft" /><ref name="telegraph_20191127_experimentalskin"/>
+Due to serious burns sustained during the incident, Aoba was transferred to a university hospital in [[Osaka]] for further treatment, where he received necessary [[skin graft]] surgery.<ref name="nhk_20190720_aoba1" /><ref name="nhk_20190720_aoba2" /> On 5 September 2019, it was reported that his injuries were no longer considered life-threatening,<ref name="fnnprime_20190905_suspectrecovery"/> but he was still being treated in an ICU and required [[respiratory assistance]] from a [[ventilator]].<ref name="ks_20190917"/> Aoba regained speech on 18 September and began rehabilitation by 8 October, being able to sit up on a wheelchair and hold short conversations. The police obtained a warrant for his arrest, but were required to await confirmation from doctors that Aoba could withstand confinement.<ref name="kyodo_20190918_speech"/><ref name="kyodo_20191008_rehab"/>
-By January 2020, Aoba remained hospitalized, and was unable to stand or eat unassisted.<ref name="nhk_20200118_suspectstatus"/> On 27 May 2020, Aoba was judged to have sufficiently recovered from his burn injuries, and he was formally arrested on suspicion of murder and other charges.<ref name="reuters_20200527_suspectarrest"/><ref name="bbc_20200527_suspectcharged"/> He was [[indictment|indicted]] on 16 December 2020 on murder and other charges.<ref name="asahi_20201216_murderchargefiled"/><ref name="variety_20201216_murderchargefiled"/>
+On 14 November 2019, he was moved to another hospital in Kyoto for final rehabilitation.<ref name="jiji_20191114_suspecthospitaltransfer"/> He recovered from most of his injuries and acknowledged responsibility for the attack. He expressed feelings of remorse and gratitude towards the hospital staff, who he said treated him better than anyone had ever done in his life.<ref name="ks_20191115_hospitalkindness"/> On the other hand, he told police that he lit the fire because Kyoto Animation had stolen his novel, and that he expected to get the [[Capital punishment in Japan|death penalty]].<ref name="jt_20191111_questioning"/> Most of Aoba's burned skin was replaced with experimental artificial skin as the victims were prioritized to receive donor human skin first.<ref name="sky_20191127_arsonskingraft"/><ref name="telegraph_20191127_experimentalskin"/> The use of artificial skin on such extensive burns is the first case in Japan.<ref name="sky_20191127_arsonskingraft" /><ref name="telegraph_20191127_experimentalskin"/>
-Aoba had a prior [[criminal history]] and a [[mental illness]]. In 2012, he robbed a convenience store with a knife in [[Ibaraki Prefecture]] and was subsequently jailed for three-and-a-half years.<ref name="docomo_20190718T1923+09_suspecthistory"/><ref name="cna_20190719_motive"/> It is speculated that Aoba's mental illness may reduce his maximum penalty for the attack from a death sentence to [[life imprisonment]].<ref name="japantoday_20190817_mentalillness"/>
+By January 2020, Aoba remained hospitalized, and was unable to stand or eat unassisted.<ref name="nhk_20200118_suspectstatus"/> On 27 May, Aoba was judged to have sufficiently recovered from his burn injuries, and he was formally arrested on suspicion of murder and other charges.<ref name="reuters_20200527_suspectarrest"/><ref name="bbc_20200527_suspectcharged"/> He was [[indictment|indicted]] on 16 December 2020 on murder and other charges.<ref name="asahi_20201216_murderchargefiled"/><ref name="variety_20201216_murderchargefiled"/>
+
+Aoba had a prior [[criminal history]] and was known to suffer from [[mental illness]]. In 2012, he robbed a convenience store with a knife in [[Ibaraki Prefecture]] and was subsequently jailed for three-and-a-half years.<ref name="docomo_20190718T1923+09_suspecthistory"/><ref name="cna_20190719_motive"/> It was speculated after the attack that Aoba's mental illness would reduce his maximum penalty for the attack from a death sentence to [[life imprisonment]].<ref name="japantoday_20190817_mentalillness"/>
+
+On 12 May 2023, the Kyoto District Court announced that Aoba would stand trial in September 2023 and that a verdict would be announced in January 2024.<ref name="mainichi_20230718_4y-memorial" /> Aoba pleaded guilty to the charges on 5 September 2023,<ref name="lat_20230905_guilty-plea" /> and on 7 December the prosecutors announced they would be seeking the death penalty for Aoba.<ref name="guardian_20231207_death-penalty-sought" /> On 25 January 2024, the court announced that Aoba had been sentenced to death.<ref name="st_20240125_death-sentence" /><ref name="cbs_20240125_death-sentence" /><ref name="bbc_20240125_death-sentence" /> The day after, Aoba filed an appeal against the death sentence.<ref name="st_20240126_appeal" /> Aoba told a local press that he "accepted the death sentence", but he went ahead with the appeal as he wanted to "speak out".<ref name="st_20240128_accepts" />
== Aftermath ==
One month after the arson attack, the victims began to return to work at the other Kyoto Animation studio.<ref name="soranews_20190809_returntowork"/><ref name="soranews_20191021_returntowork"/> As of October 2019, while the number of Kyoto Animation employees decreased from 176 to 137, 27 of the surviving 33 victims returned to work with several having decided to take extended breaks to cope with the stress and anxiety brought by the attack.<ref name="soranews_20191021_returntowork"/><ref name="asahi_20191019_press"/><ref name="yomiuri_20191018_press"/>
-The company has issued an official statement, requesting respect for the victims and their family members, and also stating that all future statements will be either through the police or their lawyers.<ref name="kyoani_20190721_statement" /> The demolition process of the building was completed on 28 April 2020, with no further plans for the site revealed.<ref name="nhk_20200428_demolition"/> In an earlier interview, Kyoto Animation's president Hideaki Hatta stated that he was considering replacing the building with a green public park and a [[memorialization|memorial monument]].<ref name="ann_20190720_presresponse" /><ref name="yomiuri_20190720_presresponse" /> However, residents in the neighbourhood did not wish for a memorial to be built as it would destroy "the peaceful lifestyle [of local residents]".<ref name="soranews_20191226_nomemorial"/>
+The company issued an official statement, requesting respect for the victims and their family members, and also stating that all future statements will be either through the police or their lawyers.<ref name="kyoani_20190721_statement" /> The demolition process of the building was completed on 28 April 2020, with no further plans for the site revealed.<ref name="nhk_20200428_demolition"/> In an earlier interview, Kyoto Animation's president Hideaki Hatta stated that he was considering replacing the building with a green public park and a [[memorialization|memorial monument]].<ref name="ann_20190720_presresponse" /><ref name="yomiuri_20190720_presresponse" /> However, residents in the neighbourhood did not wish for a memorial to be built, claiming visitors paying their respects would "destroy the peaceful lifestyle [of local residents]".<ref name="soranews_20191226_nomemorial"/>
-Due to recovery efforts, Kyoto Animation had suspended the 11th Kyoto Animation Awards, an annual award to discover new stories.<ref name="comicbook_20190815_futureplans" />
+Due to recovery efforts, Kyoto Animation suspended the 11th Kyoto Animation Awards, an annual award to discover new stories.<ref name="comicbook_20190815_futureplans" />
-In November 2019, the studio had decided to continue [[Vocational education|training programmes]] for aspiring animators, in which trainees would be trained in movies, sketching and animations. Upon graduating from the programme, outstanding trainees could be recruited by the studio after being examined further.<ref name="jt_20191122_kyoanitraining"/>
+In November 2019, the studio decided to continue [[Vocational education|training programmes]] for aspiring animators, in which trainees would be trained in movies, sketching and animations. Upon graduating from the programme, outstanding trainees could be recruited by the studio after being examined further.<ref name="jt_20191122_kyoanitraining"/>
===Impact on productions===
-In response to this incident, a publicity event for the upcoming 2020 film ''[[Free! (TV series)#Films|Free!]]'' was cancelled. Kyoto Animation's ''Sound! Euphonium'' collaboration with [[Keihan Main Line]] was delayed, as was episode 4 of ''[[Humanoid Monster Bem|BEM]]''.<ref name="bem_20190730_ep4delay" /> The third episode of [[David Production]]'s ''[[Fire Force]]'', an anime series about firefighters and people dying from [[Spontaneous human combustion|spontaneous combustion]], was delayed for a week and released with the colours of the fires and narration modified.<ref name="bbc_20190719_name" /><ref name="fireforce_20190719_suspension" /><ref name="comicbook_20190719_delays" /><ref name="ann_20190726_fireforce" /> Subsequent episodes of ''Fire Force'' were dealt with in a similar manner.<ref name="ann_20190726_fireforce" /> The studio decided to push on with premiering ''[[Violet Evergarden: Eternity and the Auto Memory Doll]]'' on 3 August 2019 at Germany's [[AnimagiC]] convention as originally scheduled.<ref name="animagic_2019_programme" /> The Japanese theatrical screening dates were extended by an extra week<ref name="twitter_20190727_violetextended" /> and honored the victims in the end credits.<ref name="kyodo_20190905_endcredits" /> Despite earlier news reports stating that the upcoming ''Violet Evergarden'' film would premiere as scheduled on 10 January 2020,<ref name="livedoor_20190726_nodelay" /> it was later announced to be delayed to 24 April 2020, but as a result of the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], the premiere was again delayed to 18 September 2020.<ref name="ann_20191109_violetrescheduled"/> An episode for ''[[Animation x Paralympic]]'', originally due to be aired in August 2019, was eventually announced as cancelled on 28 February 2020, citing that they would be unable to complete it in time for the [[2020 Summer Paralympics|2020 Paralympics]].<ref name="ann_20200228_paralympics"/>
+In response to the attack, a publicity event for the upcoming 2020 film ''[[Free! (TV series)#Films|Free!]]'' was cancelled. Kyoto Animation's ''Sound! Euphonium'' collaboration with [[Keihan Main Line]] was delayed, as was episode 4 of ''[[Humanoid Monster Bem|BEM]]''.<ref name="bem_20190730_ep4delay" /> The third episode of [[David Production]]'s ''[[Fire Force]]'', an anime series about firefighters and people dying from [[Spontaneous human combustion|spontaneous combustion]], was delayed for a week and released with the colours of the fires and narration modified.<ref name="bbc_20190719_name" /><ref name="fireforce_20190719_suspension" /><ref name="comicbook_20190719_delays" /><ref name="ann_20190726_fireforce" /> Subsequent episodes of ''Fire Force'' were dealt with in a similar manner.<ref name="ann_20190726_fireforce" /> The studio decided to push on with premiering ''[[Violet Evergarden: Eternity and the Auto Memory Doll]]'' on 3 August 2019 at Germany's [[AnimagiC]] convention as originally scheduled.<ref name="animagic_2019_programme" /> The Japanese theatrical screening dates were extended by an extra week<ref name="twitter_20190727_violetextended" /> and honored the victims in the end credits.<ref name="kyodo_20190905_endcredits" /> Despite earlier news reports stating that the upcoming [[Violet Evergarden: The Movie|''Violet Evergarden'' film]] would premiere as scheduled on 10 January 2020,<ref name="livedoor_20190726_nodelay" /> it was later announced to be delayed to 24 April 2020, but as a result of the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], the premiere was again delayed to 18 September 2020.<ref name="ann_20191109_violetrescheduled"/> An episode for ''[[Animation x Paralympic]]'', originally due to be aired in August 2019, was eventually announced as cancelled on 28 February 2020, citing that they would be unable to complete it in time for the [[2020 Summer Paralympics|2020 Paralympics]].<ref name="ann_20200228_paralympics"/>
=== Measures to prevent recurrence ===
The [[Fire and Disaster Management Agency]] and the [[National Police Agency (Japan)|National Police Agency]] issued a notice on 25 July 2019, requiring gas stations to maintain sales records of people purchasing gasoline in refillable containers, which conform to fire safety regulations.<ref name="fdma_20190725_gasolinesaleregs"/> Each record is to contain the buyer's personal information such as name, address, the purpose of the purchase, and quantity purchased.<ref name="fdma_20190725_gasolinesaleregs"/> Although the notice had no legal backing, most buyers complied with this additional requirement voluntarily.<ref name="ks_20200131_gasolinesaleregs"/> This measure was formalised with the relevant regulations revised and coming into force on 1 February 2020 to make the sales records mandatory.<ref name="ks_20200131_gasolinesaleregs" /><ref name="ann_20191027_gasolinesalelaw" /> Post incident, the Kyoto Municipal Fire Department formulated guidelines for evacuation in the event of arson or terrorism and encouraged the installation of evacuation ladders.<ref name="asahi_20191017_evacuationguidelines"/>
-As a result of the attack, police in Japan are becoming more vigilant with each death threat directed at other companies (especially [[Khara (studio)|Khara]],<ref name="ann_20191016_kharathreat"/> [[Square Enix]],<ref name="siliconera_20190809_squareenixthreat"/> [[Animate (retailer)|Animate]],<ref name="japantoday_20191215_animatethreat"/> and ''[[Clannad (visual novel)|Clannad]]'' developer company [[Key (company)|Key]],<ref name="soranews_20190908_keythreat"/> all of which alluded to the incident and also received similar Kyoto Animation-referenced death threats), were able to identify the source of the threats, and arrested anyone who sent the threats before any further attacks transpire at these companies.
+As a result of the attack, police in Japan became more vigilant with death threats directed at other companies, such as [[Khara (studio)|Khara]],<ref name="ann_20191016_kharathreat"/> [[Square Enix]],<ref name="siliconera_20190809_squareenixthreat"/> [[Animate (retailer)|Animate]],<ref name="japantoday_20191215_animatethreat"/> and ''[[Clannad (visual novel)|Clannad]]'' developer company [[Key (company)|Key]],<ref name="soranews_20190908_keythreat"/> who each later received threats referencing the Kyoto Animation attack.
=== Memorial ===
A tribute video was published, one year after the attack, on 18 July 2020.<ref name="twitter_20210718_memvid"/> The company had considered holding a memorial ceremony, but in light of the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Japan]], decided against it.<ref name="kyoani_20210702_nomemvisit"/> Similarly, at 10:30 am JST on 18 July 2021, Kyoto Animation's YouTube channel streamed a 13-minute video to "provide a place for everyone to share their thoughts and feelings".<ref name="youtube_20210718_livestream"/> In the video were messages and tributes from the studio, from staff members, and from the families of some of the deceased. The company requested that fans not visit the former site of Studio 1 on the anniversary of the incident to respect the wishes of local residents.<ref name="kyoani_20210702_nomemvisit"/>
Kyoto Animation accepted direct donations through a local bank account to help the victims of the attack from 23 July 2019 to 27 December 2019.<ref name="soranews_20190725_direct" /><ref name="mainichi_20190723_direct" /><ref name="soranews_20191223_donationclose"/> Eventually, the bank account had accumulated approximately {{JPYConvert|3300000000|year=2019|to=USD|showdate=no}}.<ref name="reuters_20191227_donation" /> The donations included separate {{JPY|10|2019}} million donations from the Japanese musician [[Yoshiki (musician)|Yoshiki]] and game developer [[Key (company)|Key]].<ref name="japantoday_20190803_yoshiki" /><ref name="crunchyroll_20190810_donation" /><ref name="fromjapan_20190809_donation" /> It was estimated that the company would require as much as {{JPY|10|2019}} billion to cover the cost of supporting the victims and affected families and company-related business operating recovery expenses.<ref name="soranews_20190801_donations"/> As of November 2019, the company has begun the process of distributing the funds raised to the victims, with each victim receiving an appropriate amount after factoring various considerations such as severity of injuries, whether the victim is a sole [[Breadwinner model|breadwinner]], etc.<ref name="soranews_20191115_donationdistro"/>
===Domestic===
-[[Prime Minister of Japan|Prime Minister]] Shinzo Abe expressed his condolences and stated that he was "speechless" at the scale of the incident.{{efn|name=Condolences}} A first in Japanese corporate history, a measure was passed in the [[National Diet]] to allow for donations to the studio to be tax-exempt.<ref name="hr_20191220_interview"/> The Chinese, French, Philippine, and Belgian embassies in Japan provided their own words of condolence.{{efn|name=Condolences}}
+[[Prime Minister of Japan|Prime Minister]] [[Shinzo Abe]] expressed his condolences and stated that he was "speechless" at the scale of the incident.{{efn|name=Condolences}} A first in Japanese corporate history, a measure was passed in the [[National Diet]] to allow for donations to the studio to be tax-exempt.<ref name="hr_20191220_interview"/> The Chinese, French, Philippine, and Belgian embassies in Japan provided their own words of condolences.{{efn|name=Condolences}}
-Numerous people and organisations related to the industry expressed concern and support, such as anime directors [[Makoto Shinkai]] and Tatsuki {{bracket|[[:ja:たつき|ja]]}}, ''[[K-On!]]'' voice actress [[Aki Toyosaki]], ''[[Haruhi Suzumiya|The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya]]'' voice actresses [[Aya Hirano]], [[Minori Chihara]], and [[Yūko Gotō]], ''[[Hyōka]]'' author [[Honobu Yonezawa]], ''[[Clannad (visual novel)|Clannad]]'' developer company [[Key (company)|Key]], and media company [[Kadokawa Corporation]].{{efn|name=Condolences|Condolences and support were expressed by many.<ref name="nyt_20190717_arson"/><ref name="ann_20190719_fanscomment"/><ref name="blog_20190720_yonezawa"/><ref name="key_20190719_condolence" /><ref name="kadokawa_20190721_condolences"/><ref name="ann_20190723_haruhicastcomment"/><ref name="twitter_20190719_shaft" /><ref name="sunrise_20190719_condolence"/><ref name="bnp_20190719_condolence"/><ref name="bones_20190720_condolence"/><ref name="khara_20190720_condolence"/><ref name="trigger_20190720_condolence" /><ref name="twitter_20190719_madhouse"/><ref name="twitter_20190720_disneyjp" /><ref name="kyodo_20190718_crowdfund"/><ref name="twitter_20190718_frenchembassy"/><ref name="embassyphil_20190719_condolence"/><ref name="un_20190719_condolence"/><ref name="guardian_20190719_condolencesum"/>}} Animation studios such as [[Shaft (company)|Shaft]], [[Sunrise (company)|Sunrise]], [[Bandai Namco Pictures]], [[Toei Animation]], [[Bones (studio)|Bones]], [[Khara (studio)|Khara]], [[Trigger (studio)|Trigger]], [[The Walt Disney Company Asia Pacific|Walt Disney Japan]], and [[Madhouse (company)|Madhouse]] all offered their support as well.{{efn|name=Condolences}}
+Numerous people and organizations related to the industry expressed concern and support, such as anime directors [[Makoto Shinkai]] and Tatsuki {{bracket|[[:ja:たつき|ja]]}}, ''[[K-On!]]'' voice actress [[Aki Toyosaki]], ''[[Haruhi Suzumiya|The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya]]'' voice actresses [[Aya Hirano]], [[Minori Chihara]], and [[Yūko Gotō]], ''[[Hyōka]]'' author [[Honobu Yonezawa]], ''[[Clannad (visual novel)|Clannad]]'' developer company [[Key (company)|Key]], and media company [[Kadokawa Corporation]].{{efn|name=Condolences|Condolences and support were expressed by many.<ref name="nyt_20190717_arson"/><ref name="ann_20190719_fanscomment"/><ref name="blog_20190720_yonezawa"/><ref name="key_20190719_condolence" /><ref name="kadokawa_20190721_condolences"/><ref name="ann_20190723_haruhicastcomment"/><ref name="twitter_20190719_shaft" /><ref name="sunrise_20190719_condolence"/><ref name="bnp_20190719_condolence"/><ref name="bones_20190720_condolence"/><ref name="khara_20190720_condolence"/><ref name="trigger_20190720_condolence" /><ref name="twitter_20190719_madhouse"/><ref name="twitter_20190720_disneyjp" /><ref name="kyodo_20190718_crowdfund"/><ref name="twitter_20190718_frenchembassy"/><ref name="embassyphil_20190719_condolence"/><ref name="un_20190719_condolence"/><ref name="guardian_20190719_condolencesum"/>}} Animation studios such as [[Shaft (company)|Shaft]], [[Sunrise (company)|Sunrise]], [[Bandai Namco Pictures]], [[Toei Animation]], [[Bones (studio)|Bones]], [[Khara (studio)|Khara]], [[Trigger (studio)|Trigger]], [[The Walt Disney Company Asia Pacific|Walt Disney Japan]], and [[Madhouse (company)|Madhouse]] all offered their support as well.{{efn|name=Condolences}}
[[Animate (retailer)|Animate]], a major Japanese retailer of [[anime]], [[video game]]s, and [[manga]], took donations at all of their stores to support the victims,<ref name="animate_20190719_fundraising" /> and had raised over {{JPY|330|2019}} million by 1 September.<ref name="kyoani_20190913_donations"/>
In the wake of the fire, a [[GoFundMe]] appeal was launched by American anime licensor [[Sentai Filmworks]].<ref name="express_20190718_fundraiser"/> With a target of US$750,000, it surpassed the US$1 million donation mark within the first 24 hours.<ref name="7na_20190718_arson"/><ref name="newscomau_20190719_arson"/><ref name="guardian_20190718_donations"/> It had received US$2.3 million at the end of the appeal.<ref name="cartoonbrew_20190804_sentai" /> As of 7 December 2019, Sentai had transferred all of the funds raised, except for credit card processing fees, to Kyoto Animation studio.<ref name="ann_20191207_sentaigofundme" />
-Fans have also taken to Kyoto Animation's Japanese digital store to directly contribute by purchasing high-resolution downloadable images as they do not require staff to ship them.<ref name="dailydot_20190718_donations" /> American licensing companies [[Aniplex of America]], [[Funimation]] and [[Crunchyroll]], and [[Nickelodeon Animation Studio]], all offered their support.<ref name="ann_20190719_fanscomment" /> [[Adult Swim]]'s anime-oriented [[Toonami]] block started their 20 July broadcast asking viewers to donate to the GoFundMe set up by [[Sentai Filmworks]].<ref name="toonami_20190720_donations" />
+Fans have also taken to Kyoto Animation's Japanese digital store to directly contribute by purchasing high-resolution downloadable images as they do not require staff to ship them.<ref name="dailydot_20190718_donations" /> American licensing companies [[Aniplex of America]], [[Funimation]] and [[Crunchyroll]], and [[Nickelodeon Animation Studio]] all offered their support.<ref name="ann_20190719_fanscomment" /> [[Adult Swim]]'s anime-oriented [[Toonami]] block started their 20 July broadcast asking viewers to donate to the GoFundMe set up by Sentai Filmworks.<ref name="toonami_20190720_donations" />
==See also==
-<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order ♦♦♦--->
+<!--Please keep list alphabetical-->
* [[2019 in Japan]]
* [[2021 Osaka building fire]]
* [[Crime in Japan]]
}}</ref>
<ref name="ann_20190717_fire">{{cite news
- |first = Rafael
- |last = Antonio Pineda
+ |first = Rafael Antonio
+ |last = Pineda
|url = https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2019-07-17/fire-breaks-out-in-kyoto-animation-1st-studio-building/.149097
|title = Fire Breaks Out in Kyoto Animation's 1st Studio Building (Updated)
|work = [[Anime News Network]]
<ref name="ann_20190918_injured">{{cite news
|first1 = Jennifer
|last1 = Sherman
- |first2 = Rafael
- |last2 = Antonio Pineda
+ |first2 = Rafael Antonio
+ |last2 = Pineda
|url = https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2019-09-18/34-injured-kyoto-animation-victims-no-longer-in-life-threatening-condition/.151243
|title = 34 Injured Kyoto Animation Victims No Longer in Life-Threatening Condition
|work = [[Anime News Network]]
|url = https://www.asahi.com/articles/ASMBG5GFWMBGPLZB006.html
|script-title = ja:放火想定した避難指針 京アニ生存者の声生かす 京都市：朝日新聞デジタル
|website = 朝日新聞デジタル
+ |date = 17 October 2019
|language = ja
|access-date = 2 April 2020
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191125190414/https://www.asahi.com/articles/ASMBG5GFWMBGPLZB006.html
|url-status = live
}}</ref>
+<ref name="bbc_20240125_death-sentence">{{cite news
+ |last = Mao
+ |first = Frances
+ |url = https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-68090388
+ |title = Japan: Man sentenced to death for Kyoto anime fire which killed 36
+ |date = 25 January 2024
+ |work = [[BBC news]]
+ |access-date = 29 June 2024
+ |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240125050256/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-68090388
+ |archive-date = 25 January 2024
+ |url-status = live
+}}</ref>
+
<ref name="bem_20190730_ep4delay">{{cite web
|url = https://newbem.jp/news/407/
|script-title = ja:「BEM」第４話放送延期について
|access-date = 4 August 2019
}}</ref>
+<ref name="cbs_20240125_death-sentence">{{cite news
+ |title = Man gets death sentence for killing 36 people in arson attack at anime studio in Japan
+ |url = https://www.cbsnews.com/news/shinji-aoba-death-sentence-36-deaths-arson-attack-kyoto-animation-japan/
+ |access-date = 25 January 2024
+ |work = CBS News
+ |date = 25 January 2024
+ |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240125121154/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/shinji-aoba-death-sentence-36-deaths-arson-attack-kyoto-animation-japan/
+ |archive-date = 25 January 2024
+ |url-status = live
+}}</ref>
+
<ref name="chunichi_20190718_arson">{{cite news
|url = https://www.chunichi.co.jp/article/front/list/CK2019071902000068.html
|title = <!-- translation to English needed -->
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200128101455/https://www.fdma.go.jp/disaster/info/items/1912231340.pdf
|archive-date = 28 January 2020
|url-status = live
+|language=ja
}}</ref>
<ref name="fdma_20190725_gasolinesaleregs">{{cite web
|title = Kyoto Animation studio fire: at least 25 dead after arson attack in Japan
|date = 18 July 2019
|language = en
- |newspaper = The Guardian
+ |newspaper = [[The Guardian]]
|access-date = 18 July 2019
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190718113140/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/18/dead-suspected-arson-attack-kyoto-animation-japan
|archive-date = 18 July 2019
|author = <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->
|title = Kyoto Animation fire: police search for clues as donations pass $1m mark
|url = https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/19/kyoto-animation-fire-police-search-for-clues-as-donations-pass-1m-mark
- |work = [[The Guardian]]
+ |newspaper = [[The Guardian]]
|date = 19 July 2019
|access-date = 19 July 2019
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190719030728/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/19/kyoto-animation-fire-police-search-for-clues-as-donations-pass-1m-mark
|date = 19 July 2019
|title = 'Too painful': Kyoto anime fans join prime ministers in mourning fire victims
|url = https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/19/too-painful-kyoto-anime-fans-join-prime-ministers-in-mourning-fire-victims
- |work = [[The Guardian]]
+ |newspaper = [[The Guardian]]
|access-date = 19 July 2019
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190719181353/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/19/too-painful-kyoto-anime-fans-join-prime-ministers-in-mourning-fire-victims
|archive-date = 19 July 2019
|url-status = live
}}</ref>
+<ref name="guardian_20231207_death-penalty-sought">{{cite news
+ |last1 = McCurry
+ |first1 = Justin
+ |title = Kyoto Animation fire: Japan prosecutors seek death penalty over blaze that killed 36
+ |url = https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/dec/07/kyoto-animation-fire-japan-prosecutors-seek-death-penalty-over-blaze-that-killed-36
+ |newspaper = [[The Guardian]]
+ |date = 7 December 2023
+ |access-date = 29 June 2024
+ |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231207072546/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/dec/07/kyoto-animation-fire-japan-prosecutors-seek-death-penalty-over-blaze-that-killed-36
+ |archive-date = 7 December 2023
+ |url-status = live
+}}</ref>
+
<ref name="hr_20190724_arson">{{cite news
|title = Kyoto Animation Arson Attack: Veteran Animator of 'Akira' and Ghibli Feared Dead
|url = https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/kyoto-animation-arson-attack-yoshiji-kigami-veteran-akira-ghibli-feared-dead-1226885
|url-status = live
}}</ref>
+<ref name="jt_20240125_death-penalty">{{Cite web
+ |last = Takahara
+ |first = Kanako
+ |date = 25 January 2024
+ |title = Kyoto Animation arsonist given death penalty over 2019 attack
+ |url = https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/01/25/japan/crime-legal/kyoto-animation-ruling-shinji-aoba/
+ |access-date = 25 January 2024
+ |website = The Japan Times
+ |language = en
+ |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240125045948/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/01/25/japan/crime-legal/kyoto-animation-ruling-shinji-aoba/
+ |archive-date = 25 January 2024
+ |url-status = live
+}}</ref>
+
<ref name="kadokawa_20190721_condolences">{{cite web
|url = https://www.kadokawa.co.jp/topics/3476
|script-title = ja:株式会社京都アニメーション様での放火事件に関する件
|archive-date = 22 July 2019
|url-status = live
|access-date = 22 July 2019
-}}</ref>
+|title = KADOKAWA Corporation
+ }}</ref>
<ref name="key_20190719_condolence">{{cite web
|url = http://key.visualarts.gr.jp/info/2019/07/post_266.html
}}</ref>
<ref name="kyoani_20210702_nomemvisit">{{Cite web
- |last = Co.,Ltd
- |first = Kyoto Animation
+ |author = Kyoto Animation Co., Ltd
|title = Regarding the decline of the memorial visit on July 18
|url = http://www.kyotoanimation.co.jp/en/
|access-date = 18 July 2021
|url-status = dead
}}</ref>
+<ref name="kyotoshimbun_20230906_second-trial">{{cite web
+ |title = Kyo-Ani Arson Murder: Second Trial Summary
+ |url = https://www.kyoto-np.co.jp/articles/-/1104332
+ |date = 6 September 2023
+ |access-date = 13 September 2023
+ |work = [[Kyoto Shimbun]]
+ |publisher = Kyoto Shimbun
+ |edition = morning edition, Social Plus page
+ |page = 22
+ |language = ja
+ |script-title = ja:京アニ放火殺人 第2回公判要旨
+ |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230911150712/https://www.kyoto-np.co.jp/articles/-/1104332
+ |archive-date = 11 September 2023
+ |url-status = live
+}}</ref>
+
<ref name="kyunghyang_20190719">{{cite news
|url = https://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&mid=sec&sid1=100&oid=032&aid=0002952635
|script-title = ko:교토 애니메이션 방화사건에 한국인 1명 중상
|url-status = live
}}</ref>
+<ref name="lat_20230905_guilty-plea">{{cite news
+ |last = Yamaguchi
+ |first = Mari
+ |date = 5 September 2023
+ |title = Man pleads guilty in arson attack that killed 36 at Japanese animation studio
+ |url = https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2023-09-05/man-pleads-guilty-arson-attack-japanese-animation-studio
+ |work = Los Angeles Times
+ |access-date = 29 June 2024
+ |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230905134912/https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2023-09-05/man-pleads-guilty-arson-attack-japanese-animation-studio
+ |archive-date = 5 September 2023
+ |url-status = live
+}}</ref>
+
<ref name="livedoor_20190721_doorlock">{{cite web
|url = https://news.livedoor.com/article/detail/16805784/
|title = <!-- translation to English needed -->
|url-status = dead
}}</ref>
+<ref name="mainichi_20230718_4y-memorial">{{cite news
+ |title = Kyoto Animation memorial marks 4 yrs since attack as trial looms
+ |url = https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20230718/p2g/00m/0na/020000c
+ |access-date = 22 August 2023
+ |work = The Mainichi Shimbun
+ |date = July 18, 2023
+ |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230718061558/https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20230718/p2g/00m/0na/020000c
+ |archive-date = 18 July 2023
+ |url-status = dead
+}}</ref>
+
<ref name="newscomau_20190719_arson">{{cite web
|url = https://www.news.com.au/world/asia/several-feared-dead-in-japan-studio-fire/news-story/0bdd3a87c2e00c00ee86dc46d9636c16
|title = 'You die!': Arson suspect's chilling scream
|url-status = live
}}</ref>
+<ref name="nhk_20190718T2124+09_deathcount">{{cite news
+ |url = https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20190718/k10011998021000.html
+ |title = Fire Department Confirms 33 Dead In Arson Attack
+ |date = 18 July 2019
+ |access-date = 18 July 2019
+ |work = [[NHK]] News
+ |language = ja
+ |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190718123636/https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20190718/k10011998021000.html
+ |archive-date = 18 July 2019
+ |url-status = dead
+}}</ref>
+
<ref name="nhk_20190718_arsonrescue">{{cite news
|url = https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20190718/k10011996791000.html
|title = Fire Department Confirms 33 Dead In Arson Attack
|date = 18 July 2019
|access-date = 18 July 2019
- |work = NHK News
+ |work = [[NHK]] News
|language = ja
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190718130130/https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20190718/k10011996791000.html
|archive-date = 18 July 2019
|url-status = dead
}}</ref>
-<ref name="nhk_20190718T2124+09_deathcount">{{cite news
- |url = https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20190718/k10011998021000.html
- |title = Fire Department Confirms 33 Dead In Arson Attack
- |date = 18 July 2019
- |access-date = 18 July 2019
- |work = NHK News
- |language = ja
- |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190718123636/https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20190718/k10011998021000.html
- |archive-date = 18 July 2019
- |url-status = dead
-}}</ref>
-
<ref name="nhk_20190719_deathcount">{{cite news
|url = https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20190719/k10011999551000.html
|script-title = ja:アニメ会社放火 男性１人死亡 死者34人に 警察
|url = https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20190718/k10011997571000.html
|title = 'Death threats had been sent' says company president at animation company arson
|date = 18 July 2019
- |work = NHK News
+ |work = [[NHK]] News
|access-date = 18 July 2019
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190718113725/http://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20190718/k10011997571000.html
|archive-date = 18 July 2019
|script-title = ja:アニメ会社放火 青葉容疑者に逮捕状
|language = ja
|date = 20 July 2019
- |work = NHK News
+ |work = [[NHK]] News
|access-date = 20 July 2019
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190720150044/https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20190720/k10012000611000.html
|archive-date = 20 July 2019
|script-title = ja:アニメ会社放火 容疑者の容体予断許さぬ状態 別の病院に移送
|date = 20 July 2019
|access-date = 20 July 2019
- |work = NHK News
+ |work = [[NHK]] News
|language = ja
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190720183930/https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20190720/k10012000341000.html
|archive-date = 20 July 2019
<ref name="nhk_20190720_dna">{{cite web
|url = https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20190720/k10012000301000.html
|script-title = ja:アニメ会社放火 安否分からない娘への思い 父親が語る
- |work = NHK News
+ |work = [[NHK]] News
|language = ja
|date = 20 July 2019
|access-date = 22 July 2019
|script-title = ja:アニメ会社放火 青葉容疑者を別の病院に移送 警察
|language = ja
|date = 20 July 2019
- |work = NHK News
+ |work = [[NHK]] News
|access-date = 20 July 2019
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190720183959/https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20190720/k10011999961000.html
|archive-date = 20 July 2019
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190827171925/http://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20190827/k10012050701000.html
|archive-date = 27 August 2019
|script-title = ja:「京アニ」 死亡した25人の名前公表 京都府警
- |work = NHK News
+ |work = [[NHK]] News
|language = ja
|access-date = 28 August 2019
}}</ref>
|access-date = 28 April 2020
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200428161745/https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20200428_20/
|archive-date = 28 April 2020
- |url-status = live
+ |url-status = dead
}}</ref>
<ref name="nikkei_20190726_status">{{cite news
|newspaper = Nikkei Shimbun
|publisher = Nikkei Inc.
|access-date = 27 May 2020
+ |archive-date = 3 June 2020
+ |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200603120117/https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Fires/Suspect-in-deadly-arson-attack-on-Kyoto-Animation-studio-arrested
+ |url-status = dead
}}</ref>
<ref name="nippon_20190725_victimid">{{cite web
|url-status = live
}}</ref>
+<ref name="st_20240125_death-sentence">{{Cite web
+ |date = 25 January 2024
+ |title = Japan man gets death sentence for killing 36 in anime studio arson: NHK
+ |url = https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/japan-man-gets-death-sentence-for-killing-36-in-anime-studio-arson-nhk
+ |website = [[The Straits Times]]
+ |location = [[Singapore]]
+ |access-date = 29 June 2024
+ |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240125051906/https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/japan-man-gets-death-sentence-for-killing-36-in-anime-studio-arson-nhk
+ |archive-date = 25 January 2024
+ |url-status = live
+}}</ref>
+
+<ref name="st_20240126_appeal">{{Cite web
+ |date = 26 January 2024
+ |title = Japan arsonist who killed 36 appeals against death sentence
+ |url = https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/east-asia/japan-arsonist-who-killed-36-appeals-against-death-sentence
+ |website = [[The Straits Times]]
+ |location = [[Singapore]]
+ |access-date = 29 June 2024
+ |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240126062012/https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/east-asia/japan-arsonist-who-killed-36-appeals-against-death-sentence
+ |archive-date = 26 January 2024
+ |url-status = live
+}}</ref>
+
+<ref name="st_20240128_accepts">{{Cite web
+ |date = 28 January 2024
+ |title = Kyoto Animation arsonist who killed 36 people says he accepts death sentence
+ |url = https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/east-asia/japan-arsonist-sentenced-to-death-says-accepts-verdict-media
+ |website = [[The Straits Times]]
+ |location = [[Singapore]]
+ |access-date = 29 June 2024
+ |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240128050511/https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/east-asia/japan-arsonist-sentenced-to-death-says-accepts-verdict-media
+ |archive-date = 28 January 2024
+ |url-status = live
+}}</ref>
+
<ref name="sunrise_20190719_condolence">{{cite web
|url = http://www.sunrise-inc.co.jp/news/releasenews.php?id=105
|script-title = ja:株式会社京都アニメーション様へ｜重要なお知らせ｜サンライズ
- |author1 = 株式会社サンライズ
- |author2 = 株式会社バンダイナムコピクチャーズ
- |author3 = 株式会社SUNRISE BEYOND
- |author4 = 株式会社サンライズミュージック
|date = 19 July 2019
|website = [[Sunrise (company)|Sunrise]]
|language = ja
}}</ref>
<ref name="twitter_20190727_violetextended">{{cite tweet
- |author = ã\83´ã\82¡ã\82¤ã\82ªã\83¬ã\83\83ã\83\88ã\83»ã\82¨ã\83´ã\82¡ã\83¼ã\82¬ã\83¼ã\83\87ã\83³ Official Twitter
+ |author = ã\80\8cã\83´ã\82¡ã\82¤ã\82ªã\83¬ã\83\83ã\83\88ã\83»ã\82¨ã\83´ã\82¡ã\83¼ã\82¬ã\83¼ã\83\87ã\83³ã\80\8då\85¬å¼\8f
|user = Violet_Letter
|number = 1155087126569971712
|date = 27 July 2019
|url-status = live
}}</ref>
+<ref name="yomiuri_20230907_plagiarism-claim">{{Cite web
+ |url = https://www.yomiuri.co.jp/national/20230906-OYT1T50315/
+ |title = スーパーで割引商品買う場面、○○被告が「盗用」と主張…公判で京アニ作品上映
+ |date = 6 September 2023
+ |publisher = 読売新聞
+ |language = ja
+ |access-date = 9 September 2023
+ |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230906224843/https://www.yomiuri.co.jp/national/20230906-OYT1T50315/
+ |archive-date = 6 September 2023
+ |url-status = live
+}}</ref>
+
<ref name="youtube_20210718_livestream">{{Citation
|script-title = ja:株式会社京都アニメーション 二年目の追悼式
|url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K5TWmn7ems0
|language = ja
|access-date = 18 July 2021
|url-status = dead
+ |archive-date = 18 July 2021
+ |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210718020308/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K5TWmn7ems0
}}</ref>
}}
{{Fushimi-ku, Kyoto}}
{{Portal bar|Anime and manga|Law|Japan}}
-[[Category:2019 crimes in Japan]]
+[[Category:21st-century mass murder in Japan]]
[[Category:2019 murders in Japan]]
[[Category:2019 fires in Asia]]
+[[Category:Terrorist incidents in Japan in 2019]]
[[Category:2019 in animation]]
[[Category:Arson in Japan]]
-[[Category:Arson in the 2010s]]
+[[Category:Arson in 2019]]
[[Category:Attacks on buildings and structures in 2019]]
-[[Category:Attacks on buildings and structures in Asia]]
-[[Category:Attacks on office buildings]]
+[[Category:Attacks on buildings and structures in Japan]]
+[[Category:Attacks on mass media offices in Asia]]
[[Category:Building and structure fires in Japan]]
[[Category:Commercial building fires]]
+[[Category:Massacres in 2019]]
+[[Category:Massacres in Japan]]
[[Category:Murder in Kyoto]]
[[Category:Disasters in Kyoto]]
[[Category:July 2019 crimes in Asia]]
[[Category:July 2019 events in Japan]]
[[Category:Kyoto Animation|Arson]]
[[Category:Urban fires in Asia]]
-[[Category:Mass murder in 2019]]
+[[Category:Murder–suicides in Japan]]
+[[Category:Terrorist incidents involving incendiary devices]]
projects / BK-2020-09.git / blobdiff