draft(en:Shellshock_bug):fix {{clarify}} issue, remove orig research

[BK-2020-09.git] / en.wikipedia.org / Farmington,_New_Mexico / article.txt

{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2012}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name = Farmington, New Mexico
|settlement_type = City
|nickname = Baseball Town, U.S.A
|motto = 
|image_skyline = Farmington New Mexico Civic Center.jpg
|imagesize = 250px
|image_caption = Farmington Civic Center
|image_flag = 
|image_seal = Farmington NM seal.jpg
|image_map = San_Juan_County_New_Mexico_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Farmington_Highlighted.svg
|mapsize = 250px
|map_caption = Location of Farmington in [[New Mexico]]
|image_map1 = 
|mapsize1 = 
|map_caption1 = 
| pushpin_map = New Mexico#USA
| pushpin_map_caption = Location within New Mexico##Location within the United States
| pushpin_label = Farmington
| pushpin_relief = 1
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in New Mexico|County]]
|subdivision_name = United States
|subdivision_name1 = [[New Mexico]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[San Juan County, New Mexico|San Juan]]
|government_type = 
|leader_title = Mayor
|leader_name = Nathan Duckett
|established_title = Founded
|established_date = 1901
|area_magnitude = 1 E7
|area_total_sq_mi = 34.95
|area_total_km2 = 90.51
|area_land_sq_mi = 34.46
|area_land_km2 = 89.25
|area_water_sq_mi = 0.49
|area_water_km2 = 1.26
|population_as_of         = [[2010 United States Census|2010]]
|population_total         = 45877
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="FactFinder">{{cite web |title=American FactFinder |url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2014-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720214521/https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html |archive-date=July 20, 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|pop_est_as_of            = 2019
|population_est           = 44372
|pop_est_footnotes        = <ref name="USCensusEst2019CenPopScriptOnlyDirtyFixDoNotUse"/>
|population_metro = 
|population_density_km2   = 497.15
|population_density_sq_mi = 1287.60
|timezone = [[Mountain Time Zone]]
| utc_offset = &minus;7
|timezone_DST = [[Mountain Daylight Time]]
| utc_offset_DST = &minus;6
|coordinates   = {{coord|36|45|6|N|108|11|23|W|region:US-NM_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|elevation_m = 1644
|elevation_ft = 5395
|postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]]s
|postal_code = 87401, 87402, 87499
|area_code = [[Area code 505|505]]
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info = 35-25800
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info = 0902246
|footnotes = 
|website = [http://www.fmtn.org/ www.fmtn.org]
|unit_pref = Imperial
|area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_35.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 27, 2020}}</ref>
}}

'''Farmington''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=En-us-farmington new mexico.ogg|ˈ|f|ɑɹ|m|ɪ|ŋ|t|ʌ|n}}) is a city in [[San Juan County, New Mexico|San Juan County]] in the U.S. state of [[New Mexico]]. As of the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]] the city had a total population of 45,877 people. Farmington (and surrounding San Juan County) makes up one of the four Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) in New Mexico. The [[U.S. Census Bureau]]'s population estimate in 2019 for Farmington was 44,372.<ref name="USCensusEst2019">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2019.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|access-date=May 21, 2020}}</ref>

Farmington is located at the junction of the [[San Juan River (Colorado River)|San Juan River]], the [[Animas River]], and the La Plata River, and is located on the [[Colorado Plateau]]. Farmington is the largest city of San Juan County, one of the geographically largest counties in the United States covering {{convert|5538|sqmi}}. The [[county seat]] and the other city in San Juan County is [[Aztec, New Mexico|Aztec]]. Farmington serves as the commercial hub for most of northwestern New Mexico and the [[Four Corners]] region of four states. Farmington lies at or near the junction of three important highways: [[U.S. Highway 550]], [[U.S. Highway 64]], and New Mexico Highway 371.

It is on the [[Trail of the Ancients Scenic Byway (New Mexico)|Trails of the Ancients Byway]], one of the designated [[New Mexico Scenic Byways]].<ref name="NM TOA">[http://www.newmexico.org/trail-of-the-ancients/ Trail of the Ancients.] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140821002106/http://www.newmexico.org/trail-of-the-ancients/ |date=August 21, 2014 }} New Mexico Tourism Department. Retrieved August 14, 2014.</ref>

The primary industries of San Juan County are the production of petroleum, natural gas, and coal. Major coal mines are the Navajo and San Juan mines, operated by BHP Billiton {{convert|15|to|19|mi|km}} southwest of Farmington. The coal mined from the Navajo and San Juan mines is used entirely for fuel for the nearby [[Four Corners Generating Station]] and [[San Juan Generating Station]] to produce [[electric power]].

==History==
The area that is now Farmington was settled by [[Ancestral Pueblo people]] in the 7th Century. Ruins can be visited at nearby [[Salmon Ruins]] and at [[Aztec Ruins National Monument|Aztec Ruins]].<ref name=Smith>{{cite web|last=Smith|first=Claudia|title=Farmington|url=http://www.newmexicohistory.org/filedetails.php?fileID=1317|publisher=New Mexico Office of the State Historian|access-date=2012-08-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130812041910/http://www.newmexicohistory.org/filedetails.php?fileID=1317|archive-date=August 12, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> When the Ancestral Puebloans left the area, the [[Navajo people|Navajos]], [[Jicarilla Apache]]s, and [[Ute people|Utes]] moved into the area. A key part of the region was known in Navajo as ''Tóta''' which means "where three rivers meet".<ref name=Hudnall>{{cite book|last=Hudnall|first=Ken|title=Spritis of the Border IV: The History and Mystery of New Mexico|year=2005|publisher=Omega Press|location=El Paso|author2=Hudnall, Sharon}}</ref>

Although Spanish and American mineral prospecting happened in the area, there were few permanent settlements. In 1868, the [[Navajo Nation]] was created, taking up the western half of [[San Juan County, New Mexico|San Juan County]]. Six years later, the U.S. government offered territory in the rest of San Juan County to the [[Jicarilla Apache]] but they refused. As a result, the area was opened for settlement and a number of settlers moved into the region from Southern Colorado.<ref name=Smith /> The area was originally known as "Junction City" because of the access to the three rivers.<ref name=Hudnall />

In 1901 the town was incorporated and named Farmington with a population of 548.<ref name=Smith /> By September 19, 1905, the railroad was finished connecting Farmington to [[Durango, Colorado]], expanding economic and settlement opportunities. It was unusual in that it was a standard gauge railroad that connected to the Denver & Rio Grande Western narrow gauge lines of southwestern Colorado. The railroad converted the line to narrow gauge in 1923. The line was abandoned in 1968 and the line was dismantled to Durango in 1969.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.actionroad.net/DRGW-Relics/DRGW-Relics-FMN.htm|title=Farmington Branch|website=www.actionroad.net|access-date=April 5, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703041116/http://www.actionroad.net/DRGW-Relics/DRGW-Relics-FMN.htm|archive-date=July 3, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> In addition, in the 1920s there was significant investment in natural gas and oil in the area, although actual production remained low until the 1950s. With construction of a developed road connecting Farmington to [[U.S. Route 66]] and [[Albuquerque, New Mexico|Albuquerque]] in the 1940s and the construction of the San Juan Basin Natural Gas Pipeline in 1953 – a venture led by [[Tom Bolack]] – the population expanded significantly.<ref name=Smith /> It grew from 3,637 in 1950 to 35,000 in 1953 and the expansion continued after that.<ref name=Smith /> However, the significant connection to the energy industry made the economics of the town largely vulnerable to international market fluctuations during the [[1970s energy crisis]] and resulted in some economic diversification.<ref name=Smith />

In 1967, as part of a joint U.S. Government-[[El Paso Electric]] operation, an underground nuclear detonation occurred {{convert|50|mi}} east of Farmington and about {{convert|25|mi}} south of [[Dulce, New Mexico]] in present-day [[Carson National Forest]]. This pilot project of [[Operation Plowshare]], code-named [[Project Gasbuggy]], was an attempt to fracture a large volume of underground bedrock to make more natural gas available for extraction by gas wells.<ref name=Szasz>{{cite book|last=Szasz|first=Ferenc M.|title=Larger than Life: New Mexico in the Twentieth Century|year=2006|publisher=University of New Mexico Press|location=Albuquerque, NM|page=156}}</ref>

The people of Farmington have been the subject of several [[civil rights]] investigations, including the 2005 report, ''The Farmington Report: Civil Rights for Native Americans 30 Years Later''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usccr.gov/pubs/122705_FarmingtonReport.pdf |title=Report |website=www.usccr.gov |format=PDF |access-date=2019-07-20}}</ref>

On March 18, 1950, Farmington was the site of a mass [[UFO sighting]] in which over half the town's population was reported to have seen large saucers in the sky flying at rapid speeds.<ref name=Hudnall />

==Geography==
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Farmington has a total area of {{convert|32.0|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|31.5|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|0.5|sqmi}} is water.

The [[Navajo Nation]] is west of Farmington, the [[Ute Mountain Indian Reservation]] is to the northwest, and the [[Southern Ute Indian Reservation]] is northeast of the city. Prehistoric [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native American]] ruins are located nearby. [[Aztec Ruins National Monument]] and the [[Salmon Ruins]] are ancient dwellings located just to the northeast and the east of Farmington. [[Mesa Verde National Park]] lies about {{convert|40|mi}} to the northwest, and [[Chaco Culture National Historical Park]] is about {{convert|50|mi}} to the southeast.

===Climate===
Farmington has a [[semi-arid climate]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-AnOY3bX30oI/TZvUMicLbUI/AAAAAAAAABg/J5l2PgBA2Cc/s1600/climatemapusa2yv3.png |title=Photo |website=1.bp.blogspot.com |format=PNG |access-date=2019-07-20}}</ref> The city can experience hot summers and cold winters with low precipitation throughout the year. The average annual snowfall is {{convert|12.3|in|m}}.<ref>{{cite web|title=Welcome to Farmington, New Mexico|url=http://www.gofarmington.com/|publisher=Farmington Chamber of Commerce|access-date=2012-09-24}}</ref>

{{Weather box
|location = Farmington, New Mexico|width=auto
|single line = Y
|Jan high F = 41
|Feb high F = 47
|Mar high F = 56
|Apr high F = 65
|May high F = 75
|Jun high F = 85
|Jul high F = 90
|Aug high F = 87
|Sep high F = 79
|Oct high F = 66
|Nov high F = 52
|Dec high F = 41
|Jan low F = 20
|Feb low F = 25
|Mar low F = 30
|Apr low F = 36
|May low F = 46
|Jun low F = 55
|Jul low F = 61
|Aug low F = 60
|Sep low F = 52
|Oct low F = 40
|Nov low F = 29
|Dec low F = 21
|Jan precipitation inch = 0.53
|Feb precipitation inch = 0.61
|Mar precipitation inch = 0.78
|Apr precipitation inch = 0.65
|May precipitation inch = 0.54
|Jun precipitation inch = 0.21
|Jul precipitation inch = 0.90
|Aug precipitation inch = 1.26
|Sep precipitation inch = 1.04
|Oct precipitation inch = 0.91
|Nov precipitation inch = 0.68
|Dec precipitation inch = 0.50
|source 1 = The Weather Channel<ref>{{cite web
| title = Average Weather for Farmington, NM – Temperature and Precipitation
| url = http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USNM0109
 | access-date = August 16, 2012}}</ref>
|date=August 2012
}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1910= 785
|1920= 728
|1930= 1350
|1940= 2161
|1950= 3637
|1960= 23786
|1970= 21979
|1980= 31222
|1990= 33997
|2000= 37844
|2010= 45877
|estyear=2019
|estimate=44372
|estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2019CenPopScriptOnlyDirtyFixDoNotUse">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2019.html|date=May 24, 2020|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=May 27, 2020}}</ref>
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720214521/https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|archive-date=July 20, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>
}}
As of the census<ref>{{cite web|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/35/3525800.html|title=Farmington (city) QuickFacts|website=census.gov|access-date=April 5, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160219004158/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/35/3525800.html|archive-date=February 19, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> of 2010, there were 45,895 people and 17,548 housing units<!--, and 11,500 families residing :: The census webpage has moved and the new page doesn't list this figure--> in Farmington. The racial makeup of the city was 62.8% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]] (including 52.4% White non-Hispanic), 1.0% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 22.2% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.6% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.1% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], and 4.2% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 22.4% of the population.

There were 16,466 households, out of which 33.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49% were married couples living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.1% were non-families. 21.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.7 and the average family size was 3.19.

[[File:A.F. Miller store, Farmington 1885.jpg|thumb|A.F. Miller store and home, Farmington, circa 1885, the first store in Farmington.]]

==Arts and culture==
Farmington has been the home of the [[Connie Mack World Series]] baseball tournament, played in August every year at Ricketts Park (capacity 5,072), for 50 years. Connie Mack league regular season play includes players age 16 to 18. The Connie Mack World Series consists of 10 or more teams from various regions around the United States, including from Puerto Rico.<ref name="CMWS">{{cite web|url=http://www.cmws.org/history.htm|title=History|publisher=Connie Mack World Series|work=official site|access-date=December 9, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100915131254/http://www.cmws.org/history.htm|archive-date=September 15, 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref>

San Juan Plaza in Farmington is home to an annual [[strongman (strength athlete)|strongman]] competition, which takes place the last Saturday of July.

Farmington holds a riverfest once a year. Area rivers are celebrated with a festival of music, fine arts, food, entertainment, a 10K and 5K run and walk, riverside trail walks, and river raft rides.

Piñon Hills Golf Course, designed by Ken Dye, in Farmington is one of the United States' Top Municipal Golf Courses. Owned and operated by the City of Farmington, Pinon Hills has been ranked in the Top Municipal Golf Courses by Golfweek Magazine for several years.<ref>{{cite web|title=Best Municipal Courses 2011|url=http://golfweek.com/news/2012/may/24/golfweeks-best-municipal-courses-2011-12/|publisher=Golfweek|access-date=September 1, 2012}}</ref>

Fishing, fly and reel, is a very popular activity in Farmington. Fishing is permitted on the San Juan River, [[Navajo Lake]], Lake Farmington, Morgan Lake, the Animas River, Jackson Lake and Cutter Dam.

==Education==
The [[Farmington Municipal School District]] serves over 10,000 students in grades K-12 in 20 schools.<ref name="CofC Schools" /> The high schools are [[Farmington High School (New Mexico)|Farmington High School]], [[Piedra Vista High School]], [[Rocinante High School]], and San Juan College High School. There are three middle schools, Heights, Hermosa, and Tibbetts.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://district.fms.k12.nm.us/|title=Farmington Municipal Schools|website=district.fms.k12.nm.us|access-date=2020-04-16}}</ref> There are six private schools.<ref name="CofC Schools">
{{cite web
 |url=http://www.gofarmington.com/community_resources/schools.htm
 |title=Schools in Farmington New Mexico
 |access-date=May 18, 2008
 |publisher=Farmington Chamber of Commerce
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080313090701/http://www.gofarmington.com/community_resources/schools.htm
 |archive-date=March 13, 2008
 |url-status=dead
 |df=mdy
}}

</ref>
[[San Juan College]] is a public two-year college with average enrollment of about 10,000.<ref>{{cite book
|title= San Juan College Fact Book 2007
|url= http://www.sjc.cc.nm.us/documents/AboutSJC/Fact%20Book%202007.pdf
|format= PDF
|access-date= May 18, 2008
|publisher= San Juan College Office of Institutional Research
|location= Farmington, NM
|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110719083610/http://www.sjc.cc.nm.us/documents/AboutSJC/Fact%20Book%202007.pdf
|archive-date= July 19, 2011
|url-status= dead
}}</ref>{{Rp|2–2}}

[[Farmington Public Library]] moved into a new building in 2003 and holds about 200,000 items in its collection. There was a branch library in [[Shiprock, New Mexico|Shiprock]] that is currently closed.

==Infrastructure==
===Transportation===
====Air====
* Farmington is served by [[Four Corners Regional Airport]].

====Highways====
*[[U.S. Route 64 in New Mexico|U.S. Highway 64]], the major east-west highway through San Juan County
*[[U.S. Route 550#New Mexico|U.S. Highway 550]] runs through nearby [[Bloomfield, New Mexico|Bloomfield]] and [[Aztec, New Mexico|Aztec]], connects Farmington with central New Mexico, [[Interstate 25 in New Mexico|Interstate 25]], Albuquerque, and (via I-25) the capital city of [[Santa Fe, New Mexico|Santa Fe]].
*[[U.S. Route 491#New Mexico|U.S. Highway 491]], formerly U.S. 666, runs north-south through Shiprock, well to the west of Farmington.
*New Mexico Highway 516 connects Farmington with [[U.S. Highway 550]] in Aztec.
*New Mexico Highway 371 extends due southward from Farmington all the way to [[Interstate 40 in New Mexico|Interstate 40]]. It passes almost exclusively through the Navajo Indian reservation, and passes through only a few small towns or villages (such as [[Crownpoint, New Mexico|Crownpoint]] and [[Thoreau, New Mexico|Thoreau]]). It is also the primary means of accessing the [[Bisti/De-Na-Zin Wilderness]] area.

====Intercity bus====
*There is intercity bus service in Farmington, The Red Apple Transit.
*[[North Central Regional Transit District]] provides bus service from [[Chama, New Mexico|Chama]] and [[Dulce, New Mexico|Dulce]].
*The [[Navajo Transit System]] provides regional bus service in the [[Navajo Nation]]. Farmington is served by Route 07a from [[Newcomb, New Mexico|Newcomb, NM]] to [[Fort Defiance, Arizona|Fort Defiance, AZ]] and Route 07b from Newcomb, NM to [[Shiprock, New Mexico|Shiprock, NM]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Navajo Transit System - Home|url=https://www.navajotransit.com/|access-date=2020-11-08|website=www.navajotransit.com}}</ref>

==Notable people==
* [[Tom Bolack]] (1918–1998), Governor and Lieutenant Governor of New Mexico; Mayor of Farmington; oilman; rancher
* [[Mike Dunn (baseball)|Mike Dunn]] (born 1985), athlete, [[Major League Baseball]] [[pitcher]] for the [[Colorado Rockies]] and the [[Miami Marlins]]
* [[Larry Echo Hawk]] (born 1948), former [[Idaho Attorney General|Attorney General of Idaho]] and 10th [[Bureau of Indian Affairs|Assistant Secretary of the Interior for Indian Affairs]]
* [[Charly Martin]] (born 1984), [[NFL]] player
* [[Ralph Neely]] (born 1943), [[National Football League|NFL]] offensive lineman for [[Dallas Cowboys]]
* [[Alana Nichols]] (born 1983), Paralympic gold medalist in [[Paralympic alpine skiing|alpine skiing]] and [[wheelchair basketball]]
* [[Onry Ozzborn]] (born 1979), rapper and founding member of [[Grayskul]]
* [[Chevel Shepherd]] (born 2002), singer and winner of the [[The Voice (U.S. season 15)|15th season]] of [[The Voice (U.S. TV series)|''The Voice'']]
* [[Sleep (rapper)|Sleep]] (born 1976), rapper and member of [[The Chicharones]]
* [[Duane Ward]] (born 1964), athlete, [[Major League Baseball|MLB]] pitcher for [[Toronto Blue Jays]] and [[Atlanta Braves]]
* [[Kenneth L. Worley]] (1948–1968), U.S. Marine who received the [[Medal of Honor]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikivoyage|Farmington (New Mexico)}}
* [http://www.fmtn.org/ Official Website of the City of Farmington]
* [http://www.gofarmington.com/ Farmington Chamber of Commerce]
* [http://www.farmingtonnm.org/ Farmington Convention & Visitors Bureau]

{{San Juan County, New Mexico}}
{{New Mexico}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Farmington, New Mexico| ]]
[[Category:Cities in New Mexico]]
[[Category:Cities in San Juan County, New Mexico]]